C9 Crude Oil and Fuels
- Created by: Luke Newton1
- Created on: 07-12-17 11:18
View mindmap
- C9 Crude Oil and Fuels
- C9.1 Hydrocarbons
- Crude oil is a mixture of many different compounds
- It is mainly made up of Hydrocarbons which contain only hydrogen and carbon atoms
- Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, they contain as many hydrogen atoms as possible in their molecules
- The general formula is CnH(2n+2)
- C9.2 Fractional Distillation of Oil
- Crude Oil is separated into fractions using fractional distillation
- The properties of each fraction depend on the size of the molecules in it
- Lighter Fractions make better fuels as they burn and ignite more easily
- C9.3 Burning Hydrocarbon Fuels
- When they are burnt in plenty of air the carbon and hydrogen are fully oxidised, so they produce carbon dioxide + water
- You can test that the gas formed in complete combustion
- Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy
- Water turns blue cobalt chloride paper pink
- Incomplete combustion creates carbon monoxide which is a toxic gas
- C9.4 Cracking Hydrocarbons
- Large Hydrocarbons can be broken down into smaller molecules by passing the vapours over a hot catalyst or by mixing them with steam at a very high temperature
- Cracking produces saturated hydrocarbons used for fuels and unsaturated ones called alkanes
- Alkanes react with orange bromine water turning it colourless
- Alkanes have a double carbon covalent bond in their molecules
- C9.1 Hydrocarbons
Comments
No comments have yet been made