A system of rule where power is divided between two centres of authority
1 of 21
Give 3 terms of The Government of India Act 1919
Viceroy retains control of major areas like defence
Legislative council split into lower (104/144 members elected) and upper house (34/60 members elected)
Provincial council run by elected Indian ministers who took control of areas eg health
2 of 21
What was the Simon Commission 1929-30?
No Indian representation, led by John Simon, recommended that a federal system of government should be established, provinces under British rule and Princely states, provinces given more power, defence and foreign affairs in hand of viceroy
3 of 21
What happened at Round Table Conferences 1930 and 1931?
Britain rejected self-governing dominion status for India due to their prejudice about the competence of non-white leaders
4 of 21
List 2 terms of the Government of India Act 1935
-Provinces completely self governing (though provincial governers could still be appointed by British and viceroy
-xpanding franchise from 7 to 35 million people
5 of 21
British African colonies fell into two categories, what were these?
Colonies which were ruled 'indirectly' through local colonies, includes Uganda and Nyasaland. And then colonies where Britain ruled through their officials, included Southern Rhodesia and Kenya
6 of 21
There were several attempts to improve the colonies economic value to empire. Give 3 examples of this
-In Sudan 1920, Gezira Cotton Scheme set up (£3 million given by British government) to increase cotton production
-In East Africa 1925, British government allocated £10 million for improving dock facilitues
-Investment in school and education across cont
7 of 21
What did the Colonial Development Act of 1929 do?
Reserved £1 million of British Treasury funds for development projects across empire
8 of 21
African colonies were meant to be self financing. What does this entail and what did this lead to?
Major projects had to be funded by tax from African people, led to wave of strikes such as the copper mines of Northern Rhodesia
9 of 21
Who dominated the Legislative Council, what did they use their power to do?
20-30,000 white settler community given power, used to exclude Indian and Kikuyu people from fertile Northern Highlands, their homeland. The white settler farms squeezed Kikuyu by banning them from growing tea and coffee and taxing them heavily
10 of 21
What was the 1923 'Devonshire Declaration'?
Stressed that rights of black Africans had to be respected after white settler behaviour
11 of 21
Despite this declaration, what still continued?
'Master and servant' laws
12 of 21
The union of South Africa also made promises to protect ethnic minorities. How were these eroded?
Statute of Westminster 1931 gave dominions legislative autonomy which enabled this white dominance to continue
13 of 21
What was the Jewish National Fund?
Used by wealthier Jewish settlers, meant that more Palestinian Arabs were being evicted from their farms
14 of 21
What did the Anglo-Irqai Treaty of 1922 declare?
Faisal I was to be king, senior British advisors were appointed to most government departments to ensure Britain still had control. Britain trained Iraqi army
15 of 21
What did the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty in 1930 declare?
Full consultation between the two powers on matters of foreign policy. From these it was only a small step to full Iraq independence in 1932
16 of 21
Was Britain in charge of oil industry?
Yes, Iraqis were initially promised a 20% share but Britain did not honour this
17 of 21
What is the commonwealth?
An association consisting of the UK together with states that were previously part of the British Empire and its dependencies
18 of 21
What did the Statute of Westminster 1931 recognise?
-Dominions should become independent
-Laws passed in Britain could not be enforced in those countries without the permission of their own parliaments
-Dominion countries free to pass their own laws without interference from Britain
19 of 21
Britain used an an appeasement policy, what does this mean?
Surrendering to some territorial demands made by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy to diffuse tensions and avoid another war
20 of 21
How much did Britain spend in inter-war years?
£25 million
21 of 21
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Give 3 terms of The Government of India Act 1919
Back
Viceroy retains control of major areas like defence
Legislative council split into lower (104/144 members elected) and upper house (34/60 members elected)
Provincial council run by elected Indian ministers who took control of areas eg health
Card 3
Front
What was the Simon Commission 1929-30?
Back
Card 4
Front
What happened at Round Table Conferences 1930 and 1931?
Comments
No comments have yet been made