Carries materials to every cell and takes away any waste product
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2: What is plasma?
The liquid which blood cells are suspended in
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3: Red blood cells
Contain haemoglobin which is an oxygen carrying molecule, they are flat and dipped
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4: White blood cells
Protect the body and there are two types
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5: Lymphocytes
Type of white blood cell and produces antibodies
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6: Phagocytes
Type of white blood cell and engulfs pathogens to prevent disease and bacteria
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7: What are platelets?
Cell fragments which are needed for blood clotting
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8: Give an example of where platelets are important?
If someone cuts themselves it prevents lots of blood loss
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9: What is plasma?
This is the body's main transport medium and contains dissolved glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol, vitamins and minerals, carbon dioxide, urea and hormones
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10: What are the 4 main blood type groups?
A, B, AB, D
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11: What is the universal donor?
Group D, this can be given to everyone
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12: What can happen if the wrong blood type is given?
Blood cells can stick together and clump which affects their functioning
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13: What is the role of circulation in the body?
This is the body's method of moving materials between organs in the body
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14: What is double circulation?
Blood is pumped on both the left and right sides of the heart
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15: Describe the process of double circulation
Blood from the right side of the heart is carried to the lungs where the red blood cells collect oxygen, this oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the heart and is pumped to the rest of the body.
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16: What does the circulatory system consist of?
Arteries, veins and capillaries
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17: Veins
Walls are thin and elastic, veins have valves which open to let the blood flow towards the heart and also close to stop blood flowing backwards
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18: Arteries
Blood is forced into the arteries from the heart and high pressure causes the elastic wall to stretch & spring back which helps the blood to move along, this is felt as a pulse
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19: Capillaries
Thin walls which allow soluble molecules to diffuse across the wall and enter the cell
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20: What does the left side of the heart do?
Force blood around the body
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21: What does the right side of the heart do?
Force blood to the lungs
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22: Describe the cycle of blood flow
Blood enters the heart from the veins and passes into the upper chambers, the atria, this starts a cycle of muscle contractions and both pumps work together, as each atrium contracts, blood is pushed against the valves which are forced open
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23: What are the four chambers of the heart?
Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle and left atrium
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24: What is the vena cava?
Brings de-oxygenated blood into the heart
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25: What is the pulmonary vein?
Brings oxygenated blood from the lungs
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26: What are strokes?
Blood clots can form in the brain, if cells do not receive oxygen then they will die causing brain damage. 80% of strokes are caused by clots where the blood has not pumped properly
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