Biomechanics 0.0 / 5 ? Physical EducationBiomechanicsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Megan66Created on: 23-11-17 10:52 What is a scalar quantity? When measurements are described in terms of their size or magnitude. 1 of 31 What is the equation for speed? Speed = Distance / Time 2 of 31 What is the centre of mass? The point of balance 3 of 31 What is the line of gravity? The line extending vertically downwards from the centre of mass 4 of 31 Name 4 factors that affect stability The height of the centre of mass, Position of the line of gravity, Area of the support base, Mass of the performer 5 of 31 How does height of the centre of mass affect stability? Lowering the centre of mass will increase stability 6 of 31 How does the position of the line of gravity affect stability? It should be central over the base of the support to increase stability 7 of 31 How does the area of the support base affect stability? The more contact points, the largeer the base of support becomes and the more stable they become. 8 of 31 What is the fulcrum? The point about which the lever rotates 9 of 31 What is resistance? The weight to be moved by the lever system 10 of 31 What is effort? The force applied by the user (muscle) of the lever system 11 of 31 What is a first class lever? The fulcrum lies between effort and the resistance. i.e. The head and neck, and the extension of the elbow 12 of 31 What is a second class lever? The resistance is between the fulcrum and effort. i.e. the plantar flexion of the foot 13 of 31 What is a third class lever? The effort is between the fulcrum and the resistance. i.e. Hip, knee and elbow flexion. 14 of 31 What is the force arm? The length of the line between where the fulcrum and effort are labelled. 15 of 31 What is the resistance arm? The length of the line between where the fulcrum and the resistance is labelled 16 of 31 What is the mechanical advantage of a second class lever? It can generate much larger forces, Has to lift the whole body 17 of 31 What is the mechanical advantage of a first and third class lever? Large range of movement and any resistance can be moved quickly 18 of 31 What is the mechanical disadvantage of a second class lever? Slow, with a limited range of movement 19 of 31 What is the mechanical disadvantage of a first and third class lever? Cannot apply much force to move an object 20 of 31 What is a scalar quantity? When measurements are only described in terms of size or magnitude - mass, distance and speed. 21 of 31 What is a vector quantity? When measurements are described in terms of magnitude (size) and direction - weight, acceleration, displacement, velocity and momentum. 22 of 31 Define mass The quality of matter of the body 23 of 31 Define weight The gravitational force exerted on an object. 24 of 31 How do you calculate weight? Mass (kg) x Gravity (9.8) = Weight (Newtons) 25 of 31 Define distance Measured in metres and is the path a body takes as it moves from the starting to the finishing position. 26 of 31 Define displacement Measured in metres and is the shortest route in a straight line between the starting and finishing position 27 of 31 Define speed A measurement in meters/second of the body's movement per unit of time with no reference to direction 28 of 31 Define velocity Measure in meters/second and is the rate of change 29 of 31 What is acceleration? Measured in m/s2 and is the rate of change of velocity 30 of 31 How do you calculate momentum? Momentum (Kgm/s) = Mass (Kg) x Velocity (m/s) 31 of 31
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