A group of individual similar in appearance, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and genetics and whose members can interbreed freely to produce fertile offspring.
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Habitat
The place where an organism lives.
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Biodiversity
The 'variety of life'- range of living organisms to be found. Can be considered in the range of habitats a species lives in, the differences between species, or the genes possessed between individuals of the same species.
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Species Richness
The number of species found in a habitat. Is a qualitative measure.
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Species Eveness
The relative numbers/abundance of individuals in each species. Is a quantitative measure.
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Random Sampling
Studying a small part of the habitat and assuming it contains a representative set of species that can be therefore applied to the whole habitat. The sample sites are chosen randomly.
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Quadrat
A 1m square divided up into equal squares used to measure percentage cover of different organism in a habitat.
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Line Transect
A line (using a rope/tape measure) taken across a habitat with the samples taken at regular intervals from organisms directly touching the transect.
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Belt Transect
A line (using a rope/tape measure) taken across a habitat with the samples being taken from ALL organisms within a set distance of the tape.
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Interrupted Belt Transect
A line (using a rope/tape measure) taken across a habitat with the samples being taken from quadrats placed at regular intervals along the line.
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Point Frame
A frame consisting of 10 spikes that can be placed 10x along the width of a quadrat to obtain 100 samples. An organism touching the spike is said to have 1% coverage.
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Sweep Net
Sweeping a stout net through an area that isn't densely wooded and with low vegetation. Any organism collected via a pooter.
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Pitfall Trap
Small container placed in a hole for little bugs to fall into so that they can be counted.
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Tullgren Funnel
Device for collecting insects from leaf litter. A light forces the insects downwards and through a mesh to a collecting jar.
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Light Trap
A UV light with a dish of alcohol underneath.
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Simpson's Diversity Index
A formula used to measure the diversity of a habitat.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The place where an organism lives.
Back
Habitat
Card 3
Front
The 'variety of life'- range of living organisms to be found. Can be considered in the range of habitats a species lives in, the differences between species, or the genes possessed between individuals of the same species.
Back
Card 4
Front
The number of species found in a habitat. Is a qualitative measure.
Back
Card 5
Front
The relative numbers/abundance of individuals in each species. Is a quantitative measure.
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