Described theory of natural selection, acting on phenotypic differences between individuals, Used artificial selection experiments as evidence
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who was Russel Wallace (1923)
Cofounder of principle of natural selection, recognised enormous amount of variation within populations, controversial
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when were allozyme and amino acid sequences used in population genetics?
Late 1960's
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when was DNA sequence data used?
Late 1980's
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when can evolution happen?
Evolution can only happen when there is genetic variation (heritable) at the population level
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what level does evolution occur at?
Evolution occurs at the population level – not the species level!
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where is evolution and population genetics useful in medicine?
understanding occurrence of inherited and multifactorial diseases 1) spread of epidemics 2) Genetic counselling 3) Mapping disease genes
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how is it used in phylogenetic variation?
Genetic underpinning for all evolutionary biology (speciation)
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how is it used in conservation?
1) as a resource to safe or reintroduce endangered species 2) Mating programs in zoos and wildlife refuges 3) Sampling germplasm
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what is heritable variation controlled by?
DNA
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what does 'no inheritance of acquired characteristics' mean?
The environment selects among different DNAs but cannot selectively change DNA
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What is a population? 2 definitions
1) Randomly mating group of individuals of the same species 2) Collection (sample) from a certain location
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what sort of characters can be researched in population genetics?
1) Morphology 2) Behaviour 3) Chromosomes: inversions 4) Protein variation – since 1960s 5) DNA variation – since late 1980s 6) Regulatory genes – expression – starting to be possible
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which organisms are researched in population genetics? (model organisms)
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