If neurons were touching each other, there would only be one response.
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First event at synapse
Neuron synthesises chemicals that serve as neurotransmitters
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Second event at synapse
Neurons store neurotransmitters in axon terminals or transport them there
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Third event at synapse
Action potential triggers the release of neurotransmitters into synaptic cleft
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Event 4 at synapse
Neurotransmitters travel across cleft and attach to receptors on postsynaptic neuron
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Fifth event at synapse
Neurotransmitters separate from receptors
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Sixth event at synapse
Neurotransmitters taken back up into presynaptic neurons, diffuse away, or are inactivated by chemicals
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7th event at synapse
Postsynaptic cells may send negative feedback to slow release of further neurotransmitters
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Role of calcium
rushes into neuron when channels open, binds to calmodulin forms complex, binds to vesicles, releases some from filaments, induces some to bind to presynaptic membrane and empty contents by exocytosis
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2 types of cells make up human nervous system
Neurons and glia
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3 basic subdivisions of neurons
Dendrites, Soma (cell body), and Axon
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Role of sensory neurons
Bring info to CNS
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Role of interneurons (aka association neurons)
Associate sensory and motor activity within CNS
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Role of motor neurons
Send signals from brain and spinal cord to muscles
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How do neurons communicate?
Excitation and inhibition
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What are the 2 types of learning?
Associative and non-associative
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What is habituation?
Response to single stimulus weakens with repeated exposure
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What is sensitisation?
Response to a single stimulus strengthens with repeated exposure
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2 types of genes responsible for generating circadian rhythm
Period and Timeless
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What do period genes produce?
PER proteins
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What do timeless genes produce?
TIM proteins
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Mutations in Period gene result in...
odd circadian rhythm
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Functions of sleep include...
Energy conservation, restoration of brain and body, memory consolidation
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Methods to study sleep
Electroencephalograph (EEG) and polysomnograph (EEG plus eye-movement)
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Activation-Synthesis Theory proposes
Dreams occur due to brain being bombarded with random neural activity during REM
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Problem-solving dream models propose
Dreams not constrained by reality and can aid us in finding creative solutions to problems
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Cognitive-process dream theories focus on
How we dream and similarity between sleeping and waking mental processes
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Cognitive-process dream theories propose
Dreaming and waking thoughts produced by same mental systems
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Sleep problems
Insomnia, night terrors, sleep talking, sleepwalking
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What stages of sleep does sleep talking occur in?
REM and NREM
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
First event at synapse
Back
Neuron synthesises chemicals that serve as neurotransmitters
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