The termination of a pregnancy by artificial means.
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What is a foetus?
An organism in the womb from nine weeks until birth.
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What is the latest stage of pregnancy at which a foetus can be aborted in the UK?
24 weeks
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What Act made this law?
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1991
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What Bible quote reinforces the Catholic Church's view that life begins at conception?
"Before I formed you in the womb I knew you." - Jeremiah 1:5
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What distinction do those believing that life begins after conception make?
Difference between POTENTIAL and ACTUAL life
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What is sanctity of life?
All human life is valuable in itself.
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What Bible quote shows God as creating a soul especially for humans?
"The Lord God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life."
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What is the doctrine of double effect?
An action where the intention = good, but which may have a bad side effect.
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Give one strength of sanctity of life
It gives everyone equal dignity.
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How did Kant criticise the sanctity of life?
Vital signs and value in life aren't linked
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How did Peter Singer criticise the sancity of life?
Human life being better than other types of life = speciesism.
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Define quality of life.
Belief that a human life's value depends on what kind of life it is.
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What are Mary Anne Warren's six criteria for personhood?
Sentience, emotionality, reason, capacity to communicate, self-awareness + moral agency/
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What are Judith Jarvis Thompson's views on abortion?
Mothers have right to abort unwanted pregnancy
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Why can utilitarianism be inapplicable to abortion?
Can't predict outcome
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Why would natural law be against abortion?
Because it goes against the primary precept of reproduction
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Why would abortion go against Kantian ethics?
Abortion is hard to univeralise, and the foetus (if it's a person) is being treated as means to an end
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Define IVF
In-vitro fertilisation - sperm/eggs from a couple fertilised in a lab
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Define AIH
Artificial insemination by husband - husband's sperm injected into woman's reproductive tract
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Define AID
Artificial insemination by donor
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How would a follower of Christian ethics respond to IVF?
Baby is a result of love - this taken away if done by IVF
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How would a follower of situation ethics respond to IVF?
IVF is the most loving thing to do for many couples, but may not be pragmatic due to how often it works
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How would a follower of Natural Law respond to IVF?
IVF results in destruction of embryos - goes against sanctity of life. AID = attack on sanctity of marriage. Masturbation for getting sperm = misuse of genitals.Wrong to break killing precept to appease reproduction.
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How would a Utilitarian respond to IVF?
Pain of unused embryos vs pleasure of parents. Low success rate + effect on happiness.Cost to health service - would this be better spent on majority happiness?
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How would a follower of Kant respond to IVF?
If the embryo is a person, is destruction of many embryos for one life justified? Treating humanity as consumer good.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a foetus?
Back
An organism in the womb from nine weeks until birth.
Card 3
Front
What is the latest stage of pregnancy at which a foetus can be aborted in the UK?
Back
Card 4
Front
What Act made this law?
Back
Card 5
Front
What Bible quote reinforces the Catholic Church's view that life begins at conception?
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