A Level Geography - Globalisation

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  • Created by: Read_Will
  • Created on: 22-06-21 21:29
What is globalisation?
Globalisation is the ever-increasing interconnectedness between countries. It is a process that involves connections, interdependence and flows between different locations.
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What are SEZ's (special economic zones)?
Areas specifically set up to attract FDI. For example China attracts FDI by having SEZ's with low taxes and abundant supplies of low wage workers.
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What is China's Open Door Policy?
When China opened up its country for investment from abroad in 1978. This has caused rural to urban migration of 300 million people looking for better quality of life. However this has only led to economic globalisation as they are restricting internet ac
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What are the advantages of trade blocs?
-Removal of tariffs (tax on exported goods)
-Removal of quotas (set limit on exports and production)
-Free movement of people
-Exploiting comparative advantage
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What are the advantages of removing tariffs?
-Increases the flow of goods
-Allows TNC's to access a greater number of markets
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What are the types of flows of globalisation?
-Commodities
-Capital
-Information
-Migrants
-Tourists
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What are the types of globalisation?
-Economic
-Cultural
-Social
-Political
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What is cultural globalisation?
Describes the spread of western ideas and culture such as North American films, food and fashion.
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What is political globalisation?
Describes the growth of trade blocs as different countries seek to work together to increase the prevalence of free trade.
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What is economic globalisation?
Economic globalisation includes the growth of TNC's and the improvement in technology such as the internet.
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What is social globalisation?
Social globalisation describes the increasing number of international migrants, the increasing quality of education and healthcare and the rise of social media.
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What lead to the advancement in globalisation?
(Chronological order)
-Advances in transport (steam ship and railway)
-Emergence of TNC's in 19th century due to increasing travel links
-Containerisation (made global shipping cheaper and quicker)
-ICT and mobile advancements
-Leap frogging
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What is the shrinking world effect/time space compression?
The phenomenon where the physical distance between two places stays the same the time taken is shortened therefore making places fell less far apart and therefore closer.
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What are some policies that accelerate globalisation?
-Free market liberalisation/neoliberalism
-Privatisation
-Subsidies to TNC's
Encouraging business start ups
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What is free market liberalisation/neoliberalism?
This is where you remove the influence of the state in the economy and allow the markets to act more freely. By doing this it is hoped that markets will be as efficient as possible and therefore trickle down benefits to the poorest in society.
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What is privatisation?
It is where state owned businesses or infrastructure is sold to private TNC's. It allows foreign investors to gain a share and so can represent a form of FDI. The policy is based off of how businesses run more efficiently in the private sector because of
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What are subsidies to TNC's?
Subsidies are grants given to firms normally in the form of tax reliefs. This accelerates globalisation because it makes an area look more attractive for FDI. In Ireland a method called transfer pricing takes place where firms will pay a low rate of tax (
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What is encouraging business start ups?
Methods that encourage business start ups are
-Low taxation
-High quality infrastructure
-Policies to help with profit maximisation (trading law reduction)
-Subsidies
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Name three IGO's (international government organisations)?
-WTO
-IMF
-World Bank
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are SEZ's (special economic zones)?

Back

Areas specifically set up to attract FDI. For example China attracts FDI by having SEZ's with low taxes and abundant supplies of low wage workers.

Card 3

Front

What is China's Open Door Policy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the advantages of trade blocs?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the advantages of removing tariffs?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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