12.4- Anaerobic respiration

Created by: Megan2413
Created on: 17-10-17 14:15

What causes aerobic respiration to stop?

A lack of oxygen causes hydrogen ions to build up in the mitochondrial matrix as there's no oxygen to bind to it. This takes away the steep diffusion gradient of hydrogen ions so that no facillitated diffusion takes place through the ATP synthase.

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How does pyruvate aid the lack of oxygen in anaerobic respiration?

It binds to the hydorgen ions like oxygen would

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NAD needs to be regenerated otherwise glycolysis in anaerobic respiration would come to a halt- how is this done?

By pyruvate molecules from glycolysis accepting the hydrogen ions from reduced NAD so then the oxidised NAD can proceed in further glycolysis

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What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and some microorganisms

pyruvate + reduced NAD --> ethanol + carbon dioxide + oxidised NAD

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What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

pyruvate + reduced NAD --> lactate + oxidised NAD

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What happens to get rid of the lactate once oxygen is available again?

It it later oxidised back to pyruvate which can then either be converted to energy or stored as glycogen

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Where is lactate converted to glycogen?

In the liver

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What happens if lactate builds up in the muscles?

It causes cramp and muscle fatigue andcan also affect the activity of enzymes due to its acidity

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What is substrate phosphorylation?

The production of ATP using energy released when one molecule is converted to another 9e.g. in krebs ycle, glycolysis)

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What is oxidative phosphorylation?

Indirect production of ATP molecules via the electron transfer chain

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How does pyruvate aid the lack of oxygen in anaerobic respiration?

Back

It binds to the hydorgen ions like oxygen would

Card 3

Front

NAD needs to be regenerated otherwise glycolysis in anaerobic respiration would come to a halt- how is this done?

Back

Card 4

Front

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and some microorganisms

Back

Card 5

Front

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Back

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12.4- Anaerobic respiration