Urinary system
- Created by: Breedelahaye2020
- Created on: 20-10-20 17:41
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- The urinary system consists of two kidents, the primary excretory organs
- Kideny's excretory products are carried by a uretr to a single urinary bladder
- The urinary bladder is emptied of the water liquid by the uretha
Functions of the kidneys incluse
- Excretion - the kideny filter waste products from the blood. 21% of cardiac output is filtered by the kidneys each minute
- Regulation of blood volume and pressure - the kideny play a major role in controlling the extracellular fluif volume in the body. Kidney can produce either a large volume of dilute or a small volume of concentrated urine, depending on hydration level of the body. Through urine production, kidney regulate blood volume and hence blood pressure.
Internal anatomy and Histology of the Kidneys
- Organized into two major regions 1) outer cortex and 2) inner medulla that surrounds the renal sinus
- Medulla is composed of many cone-shaped structures called renal pyramids, bases project the cortex.
- Urine from several minor calyces are emptied into a larger, funnel shaped chamber called a major calx
- From the major calyces, urine empties into a single, enlarged, funnel shaped chamber called the renal pelvis
Structures of a Nephron
- The nephron is the histological and functional unit of the kidney
- They are approximately 1.3 million nephrons distributed throughout the cortex and medulla of each kidney.
- Nephrons usually measure 50-55 mm in length.
Urine production
- There are three major steps in urine production 1)filtration 2) tubular reabsorption 3)tubular secretion
- Filtration - blood pressure in the glomerualr capillaries forces fluid and asmall molecules out of the blood.
- Filtered…
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