Social psychological explanations: SLT
- Created by: Emilywilkinson12
- Created on: 20-04-18 11:02
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- Social learning theory (SLT) applied to aggression:
- AO1:
- Aggression learned directly through postitive and negative reinforcement:
- Bandura's social learning theory (SLT) acknowledged that aggression can be learned directly through operant conditioning (positive and negative reinforcement and punishment). For example, a child who angrily snatches a toy learns aggression brings rewards - direct positive reinforcement.
- Most aggression learned indirectly, through observation and vicarious reinforcement:
- Observational learning explains most aggressive behaviour. A child observes models (e.g. parents) being aggressive and works out how aggressive behaviour is performed. Children also observe the consequences of a model's aggressive behaviour - if it is rewarded the child learns aggression can be effective in getting what they want. This vicarious reinforcement - it makes it more likely that the child will imitate the model's aggressive behaviour.
- Social learning requires attention, retention, reproduction and motivation:
- Four cognitive conditions are needed for observational learning to take place.
- Attention: observer notices mode's aggressive actions.
- Retention: observer remembers model's aggressive behaviour anf forms symbolic mental representation of it.
- Reproduction: observer repeats behaviour
- Motivation: observer imitates behaviours if they have an expectation that behaving aggressively will be rewarding.
- Self-efficiency increases each time aggression brings rewards:
- Self-efficiency is the extent to which we believe our actions will achieve a desired goal. A child's confidence in their ability to be aggressive grows as they learn that aggression can bring rewards (e.g. child who regularly hits others to get a toy leanrs they have the motor skills to do so and this ability comess easily to them).
- Key study: Bandura et al. Social learning of aggression:
- Young children individually observed an adult model playing with toys,…
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