Web Applications ~ important definitions

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  • Created by: kking420
  • Created on: 13-12-20 17:38

Internet

 

  • A global computer network 
  • consisting of interconnected networks using communication protocols.
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WWW (World Wide Web)

 

  • A system of interlinked hypertext documents,
  • that are accesssd via the Internet using a browser. 
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URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

 

  • A unique address,
  • identifying every resource(usually a file) on the Internet 
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HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

 

  • A protocol or set of rules which defines/specifies 
  • how data is transferred over the Internet.
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IP Address

 

  • A unique physical address, 
  • of each computer linked to the Internet.
  • Can be either static or dynamic.
  • It is a group of 4 sets of numbers separated by a dot.
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Web browser

 

  • An application running on a user's computer, 
  • that is responsible for requesting text and graphics of webpages from the web server on the Internet.
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Web server

 

  • Provides or delivers web pages/web resources,
  • in response to requests from web users.
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Webs Hosting

 

  • Allows an individual or organisation to make their website accessible via the World Wide Web.
  • They provide space on a server owned or leased for use by the clients.
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FTP (Files Transfer Protocol)

 

  • A protocol for the transfer of files across the Internet to the web server.
  • Users can access a server request that a file be downloaded to them or alternatively upload the file to the web server where they are stored. 
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ISP (Internet Service Provider)

 

  • Has direct links to the Internet and accepts transmission from users over communication lines and passes these onto the Internet.
  • Sells internet access to companies or individuals and provides access to web servers which connect to the search engines on the Internet
  • Provides the user with a range of services. 
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Search engine

 

  • A web based tool that searches for information using keywords or criteria.
  • Some use a spider or webcrawler.
  • This programme 'crawls' through the web and constructs an index of pages based on metadata embedded in the head of the document.
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Cache

 

  • Cache memory is situated closest to the processor.
  • Allows browsers to download website images, data and documents for faster viewing.
  • A local copy of the information is kept by cache memory.
  • Browser will be able to load information from each page you have visited without re-requesting it from the web server.
  • Decreases download speed.
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Cookies

 

  • Small files downloaded to a computer when visiting a website.
  • Store previous activity on that site and user preferences.
  • This information can be used when the user visits the site again.
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Portal

 

  • A website that acts as a main entry point to a group of web services.
  • Can require the user to logon and provide a range of services such as; email, links to other websites and search engines.
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Website

 

  • A collection of HTML pages, 
  • linked together on the World Wide Web.
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Webpage

 

  • A page of information stored on the World Wide Web.
  • Usually written using HTML.
  • Viewed using a web browser.
  • Can contain hypertext which provides the user with clickable links to other pages on the web,
  • and other multimedia eg sound, video, animation, graphics and hypertext as well as simple text.
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