unit 3 health and social
health and social care
- Created by: chloe
- Created on: 26-01-11 19:27
diet
- Fats- UNSATURATED AND SATURATED
- Carbohydrates
- Protein
- Fibre
- Vitamins and minerals
- Water
Protein- Made up of amino acids (essential)
- Growth of body tissue
- Muscle
- Hair
- Nails
- Brain
- Skin/organs
- Blood growth
- Bone
Carbohydrates- made for energy to do everyday things
- not as high as fats
- starch and sugars
- healthy and unhealthy ways
- Sugars (fast burners)
- Bannanas, potatoes bread, biscuits, cakes chocolates
- Calories or CaKl
- Starch (slow burner)
Fats- concentrated source of energy)
- Saturated (solidifies at room temp)- Found in ANIMALS
- Unsaturated (stays liquid at room temp)- Found in VEGETABLES
Fibre
- Cellulose (form of carbohydrate) in plant cells
- Cant break this up in our digestive system
- Comes out as faeces
- Stops us from becoming constipated
Vitamins and minerals- needed to maintain health
- Vitamin A- Found in liver, helps bones and teeth- oesteoparosis if lacked, dry skin, low energy
- Vitamin B- found in wholegrain, eggs, pork,liver,- helps nerve production
- Vitamin C- Found in citrus fruits, tomatoes, green veg- helps skin healing, holds growth back, helps immune system
15 MINERALS:
- CALCIUM found in dairy products, egg yolk, green leafy veg
- IRON- red meats, liver, beans, fruits, nuts, combined in most foods- helps cell respiration lack of can cause enemia
- ZINC- Meats, production of enzymes can lead to dermititus.
- COPPER- fish, liver, eggs, spinach help componants of Iron
Long term and short term psychological problems ca
High Blood pressure-
- increase in heart beat or cholestrol- Damges blood vessels can burst in the brain and Kidneys.
- 25% of harmful cholestrol-- from foods
- 75% of harmful cholestrol--stress hormones
Low immune system
- Short term- likely to pick up viruses easier
- Long term- reduced ability to fight a disease such as cancer
Digestive system problems
- Short term- Constipated, diarreah
- Long term-IBS
Short term problems:
- Headaches
- anxiety
- skin rashes
- Over/under eating
- Forgetfulness
- Aggression/frustration
- Increased use of smoking/alchol
- Mild depression
Long term problems:
- Strokes
- Diabetes
- Ulcers (stomach)
- Heart disease
- Suicudal behaviour
- Domestic violence
- Achoholism
- Serious depression
Preventing an illness
Health Monitoring
- Peak flow- ASTMA
- Blood test- diabetes- blood sugar
- Urine test-Bladder infection
- BMI- obese/underweight
- Body temp- not 37 degrees- problems in immune system
- BP and pulse rate- heart disease
Screening
- Smear test- cervical cancer
- Mammogram-breast cancer
- Heal ***** test- brain damage in babies
Immunisation
- helps the immune system
- Prevents someone from becoming ill with a certain disease
- Boosters are often needed
BMI
Body mass index is a measurement that is took, that takes into account both height and weight. This will indicate whether a person in normal/over/under weight
BMI= MASS (KG) / HEIGHT/M*M
below 20- UNDERWEIGHT
20-25- IDEAL
25.1-30- OVERWEIGHT
ABOVE 30- OBESE
genetically inhereted diseases
This is when a parents genes are passed on to their child, in their chromosomes.
- eye colour
- Hair colour
- skin colour
- height
- weight
- colourblind?
- breast cancer
- heart disease
- anxiety
DOWN SYNDROME
- Not socially aware
- Chromosone disorder, one extra chromosone number 21, so instead of 2 they get 3 on this number
- It can be recognised in the early stages of preganancy
PKU
- Body fails to produce enzymes in the digestive system
- Babies are tested for this by a blood sample taken from the heel of the foot
Huntingtons disease
- causes death of nerve cells to the brain
- Inherited
Heamophilia
- Blood disorder- blood does not clot as easily, this could cause death
Poverty
Finance/Money
- Housing-Homelessness-Afford repairs
- Food-Lack of food- Fresh food costs more
- Bills-Heating-water-gas
- Clothing-weather wear- keep warm/dry
- Transport-School- work
- Leisure activities- PE- PIES
Absolute poverty
- Lack of food
- Poor housing
- Lack of clothing
Relative poverty
- Poor in relation to others
- not being able to afford things such as phone, laptop, car etc
POVERTY HAS AN IMPACT ON CHILDREN
A preganant woman cannot afford the nurticians she may need this may lead to premature labour, lower birth weight.
why poverty causes ill health
Diet
- Unable to buy fresh food-
- malnutrition
- Obesity- high cholestrol
- Lack of protein and vitamins
- Saturated fats
Housing
- Damp-colds flu's, imapct on immune system
- Hot water-Hygeine
- Nhs- other countries have to pay
Lifestyle
- Poorer people tend to engage in smoking and drinking
Lack of education
- obstacle to access health and social services
Unemployment
- catch 22 situation
- effects ill health if unemployed
- less likely to get a job when ill
- effects mental health
Exercise
If we dont exercise problems can occur:
- Cardio vascular
- Obesity
- Osteoparosis- calcium deficiancy
Exercise improves:
- Ciruculations
- heart work more efficinently
- Strength in muscles
- Stamina
- Mobility
- Immunity
- Confidence
- Relieve stress
- General feeling of well being
- Good way to socialise
Aerobic exercise
- Walking jogging and swimming
- Heart and breathing rates increase
- Increase heart rate by 70% of its max- 220beatspm minus the persons age.
- Exercising above the safe rate can be dangerous.
- Injur bones, muscles, tendons etc
Anerobic exercise- Building muscle
- Weightlifting is an example.
- Doesnt benefit the heart or lungs
Circulation- blood carries red blood cells and white blood cells
Illegal Drugs
- Cannabis
- LSD
- Heroin
- Ecstacy
- Cocaine
- Crack
- Amphetamines
- Solvents
Depressant- A drug that slows down bodily function
Hallucinegeon- seeing things that are not really there
Stimulant- this increases a persons awareness
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