THE PELVIS

The Hip Bone is an irregular shape 

The hip bone is also known as the pelvic girdle

Its made up of the ilium, ischium, and pubis

During childhood, the three parts are all connected by cartilage yet fuse during puberty

the hip bone is split into the lateral, medial, surface and superior and inferior, anterior, posterior margins

The Acetabulum is a C shape cup that forms the articulation between the femur and the hip bone. 

the acetabulum is lined by the acetabulum labrum and has transverse acetabulum ligaments 

the acetabulum forms the socket of the ball and socket of the hip and femur 

the acetabulum has the acetabulum labrum around the outside then a line of articular cartilage, and then moving towards the middle of the cup shape is a fat pad and inferiorly to this is the acetabular notch which has the transverse acetabulum ligaments, 

The ilium is the superior bone of the hip bone and is further broken down into the main body and the ala (Wing) 

the body helps to form the shape of the acetabulum 

The ilium has 4  iliac spines- 

anterior superior iliac spine -- anterior end of the iliac crest, the attachment point of inguinal ligament

anterior inferior iliac spine -- anterior to the acetabular margin, provides attachment for rectus femoris and the iliofemoral ligament 

posterior superior iliac spine -- posterior end of the iliac crest, cannot be palpated 

posterior inferior iliac spine -- inferior to the PSIS

The ischium is found posteriorly and inferiorly in the hip 

L shaped bone continuing from the ilium and joining the pubis 

the ischium is split into two -the body and the ramus 

the body is rough and broad with three surfaces the medial (pelvic) lateral (femoral) and posterior surfaces 

the ramus is the branch-like part of the ischium  and is known as the inferior pubic rami joining to the pubic symphysis and forms the border of the obturator foramen 

the ischium can form attachment sites for adductor Magnus, (inferior pubic ramus) long head of bicep femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus,( ischial tuberosity), and quadratus femoris (ischial tuberosity)