Largely concentrated in a few states - in the industrialised South and West, and in the North-East
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HIV/AIDS in a developing country - INDIA
Why
Unsafe sex and low condom use
sexual transmission responsible for 87.4% of HIV
highest prevalence is in sex workers - lack of HIV knowledge
Men who have sex with men
Injected drug use
main factor in North East - Manipur, Mizoram & Nagaland
Migration and mobility
Away from family community - risky behaviour
Female sex workers are mobile
Disease comes into an area that has low prevalence and can be spread throughout community
Low status of women
Cannot negotiate safer sex within and outside of marriage - increase vulnerability
Widespread stigma
Feel AIDS only affects men who have sex with men, sex workers & injecting drug users
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HIV/AIDS in a developing country - INDIA
Response to HIV/AIDS
Government
National AIDS Control Programme - Department of AIDS under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
In 1991, the scope of the NACP was expanded to focus on blood safety, prevention among high-risk populations, raising awareness in the general population, and improving surveillance.
Major challenges remain in raising overall effectiveness of state level programmes and increasing safe behaviour and reducing stigma associated with HIV-positive people among the population.
Non-Governmental and Community Based Organisations
Projects include targeted interventions with key populations, direct care of people living with HIV, general awareness campaigns, care for children orphaned by AIDS.
Funding comes from a variety of sources: federal or government state of India, international donors and local contributors.
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HIV/AIDS in a developed country - UK
Facts
At end of 2011, it was estimated that 96,000 living with HIV
Half of these diagnosed at a late stage of HIV
More men (1 in 500) than women (1 in 1000)
Care
In 2011 - 73,659 living with diagnosed HIV and recieving care
30,849 in 202 to 73,690 in 2011 - 58% increase
fall in deaths over the years due to improved treatment
Treatment
PEP - post-exposure prophylaxis must be started within 72 hours of coming into contact with the virus
month long treatment - serious side effects, not guaranteed to work
HIV treated with antiretrovirals - work against HIV - slows down spread of virus in the body
combination used - HIV can become resistant
Medication for life
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HIV/AIDS Facts
2009 annual report
60 million infected
25 million died
Most who died were 20-49 - economically active
33.4 million were currently living with HIV
2.7 million new cases of HIV identified in 2008
90% in developing world
67% in SSA
96% of new infections occured in world's poorest countries
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