HIV/AIDS

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  • Created by: Isla S
  • Created on: 10-05-14 10:45

HIV/AIDS in a developing country - INDIA

Facts

  • 2.4 million living with HIV
  • <15 years - 3.5%
  • 15-49 - 83%
  • 39% (930,000) are women

Where

  • Largely concentrated in a few states - in the industrialised South and West, and in the North-East
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HIV/AIDS in a developing country - INDIA

Why

  • Unsafe sex and low condom use
  • sexual transmission responsible for 87.4% of HIV
  • highest prevalence is in sex workers - lack of HIV knowledge
  • Men who have sex with men
  • Injected drug use
  • main factor in North East - Manipur, Mizoram & Nagaland
  • Migration and mobility 
  • Away from family community - risky behaviour
  • Female sex workers are mobile
  • Disease comes into an area that has low prevalence and can be spread throughout community
  • Low status of women
  • Cannot negotiate safer sex within and outside of marriage - increase vulnerability
  • Widespread stigma
  • Feel AIDS only affects men who have sex with men, sex workers & injecting drug users
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HIV/AIDS in a developing country - INDIA

Response to HIV/AIDS

  • Government
  • National AIDS Control Programme - Department of AIDS under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
  • In 1991, the scope of the NACP was expanded to focus on blood safety, prevention among high-risk populations, raising awareness in the general population, and improving surveillance. 
  • Major challenges remain in raising overall effectiveness of state level programmes and increasing safe behaviour and reducing stigma associated with HIV-positive people among the population. 
  • Non-Governmental and Community Based Organisations 
  • Projects include targeted interventions with key populations, direct care of people living with HIV, general awareness campaigns, care for children orphaned by AIDS. 
  • Funding comes from a variety of sources: federal or government state of India, international donors and local contributors. 
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HIV/AIDS in a developed country - UK

Facts

  • At end of 2011, it was estimated that 96,000 living with HIV
  • Half of these diagnosed at a late stage of HIV
  • More men (1 in 500) than women (1 in 1000)

Care

  • In 2011 - 73,659 living with diagnosed HIV and recieving care
  • 30,849 in 202 to 73,690 in 2011 - 58% increase
  • fall in deaths over the years due to improved treatment

Treatment

  • PEP - post-exposure prophylaxis must be started within 72 hours of coming into contact with the virus
  • month long treatment - serious side effects, not guaranteed to work
  • HIV treated with antiretrovirals - work against HIV - slows down spread of virus in the body
  • combination used - HIV can become resistant
  • Medication for life
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HIV/AIDS Facts

2009 annual report

  • 60 million infected
  • 25 million died
  • Most who died were 20-49 - economically active
  • 33.4 million were currently living with HIV
  • 2.7 million new cases of HIV identified in 2008
  • 90% in developing world
  • 67% in SSA
  • 96% of new infections occured in world's poorest countries
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