Geography- Development
- Created by: Sophia
- Created on: 10-05-13 17:33
Development definitions
Development- process of change to improve people's lives
MEDC- (More Economically Developed Country)- wealthy industrialised countries
LEDC- (Less Economically Developed Country)- poorer and more agricultural countries
Development Indicators
Development Indicators:
- Literacy Rate
- Population Density
- Car ownership
- Gross National Product* (GNP)
- % Population with access to clean/safe water
- Infant mortality rate
- % People employed in agriculture
- % People living in urban areas
GDP
GDP- (Gross Domestic Product)
The total number of goods and services a coutry produces.
Measured in $ worldwide-so it can be compared globally
Ghana Introduction
Location- West coast of Africa, just above the equator.
Climate- Varied (very extreme) hot. wet, dry and monsoon.
Wealth: Rich in natural resources but still very poor country.
Poverty definitions
Absolute poverty- the minimum level of requirement for people to survive.
Relative Poverty- the economic inequality in the location/society in which people live
HDI
HDI- (Human Development Index) combines data on: GDP per capita (person) life expactancy, adult literacy rate, enrolment in education to give a score from 0-1.
The closer to 1, the most developed the country is
eg. MEDC- 0.82
LEDC- 0.4
0.8<-High Development
0.5-0.8- Medium Development
0.5>- Low Development
Development Gap
Development Gap- difference between the richest and poorest countries
Reasons for British Development:
- Historical- stable government
- Environmental- fertile farming soils
- Economic- lots of investment
- Social- NHS+Lots of doctors
Why is Ghana an LEDC?
Why is Ghana an LEDC?
- Ghana was a colony
- Land is being destroyed and cleared for farming
- Past political unrest
- HUGE debt
'Money' definitions
World Bank- joint bank owned by government from lots of countries
Debt- money that is owed and hasn't been paid off
Interest Rate- charge for taking loans, given each year as ....% of the loan.
Tariff- tax a government places on imports
Aid-help given to poorer countries
Types of aid
Bilateral Aid- one country gives aid to another country
Multilateral Aid- more than one country gives aid to one country
2 types of aid:
- Aid that trickles down- money back to rich country :(
- Aid that trickles up- money stays in the LEDC :)
Aid Blunders
Things that can go wrong with Aid:
- Donors can insist on unsuitable Aid
- Highly skilled personnel can be expensive
- Aid can undermine local producers
Millenium Development Goals
- Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
- Achieve universal primary education
- Promote gender equality and empower women
- Reduce child mortality
- Improve maternal health
- Compat HIV/Aids, Malaria and other diseases
- Ensure environmental sustainability
- Global partnership for development
Related discussions on The Student Room
- Edexcel GCSE Geography B Paper 1 (1GB0 01) - 22nd May 2023 [Exam Chat] »
- GCSE Latin vs Geography »
- GCSE Geography - How would you approach this 9 marker? »
- KCL or Queen Mary’s UCAS »
- Personal Statement »
- Maths, Biology, Geography, Business Studies at A level for Economics degree »
- Sutton Trust 2024 »
- warwick vs ucl »
- will uni's accept me with my a levels? »
- Applying to LSE Econ joint honours courses »
Comments
No comments have yet been made