Economic Activity & Energy

growth natural increase & migration

rural -> urban migration

push & pull factors

unemployment -> more economic activitie / job oppurtunitities in populated areas

harsh living conditions -> better life style / class establishment..

fascilities -> healthcare, education access, services, safety 

natural disasters/agricultural failure -> reliance on wages/better living conditions

emerging country, developing country with a steady growth in infrastructure

oppurtunities 

social, economic & environmental

mechanisation 

expansion / growth 

specialisation 

farm technologies 

genetic engineering (GM crops)

produces more crops; cheaply, better quality,  with less herbicides & efficiently

landscape

scenery (tourism), land nutrition (farming) & space (population density)

settlement & accesibility

isolation & irregular (not constant/flexible) 

employment & land use

primary sector / agricultural (food production & farming) isolation for mining operation

development 

no population pressure for growth in infrastructure/services to support (underdeveloped)

conservation

leisure/tourism to natural beauty effects conseravtion of natural environment (biodiversity consideration)

farming

subsistence vs commercial 

small / large scale production & distribution

mechanised for faster production / independant harvesting for individual benefit

profit & specialisation for supplier attraction / general diet & single crop harvests

consistency / specialisation ---- seasonal 

arabale vs pastoral 

land clearance for concentration of plant crops (wheat/barley) / livestock growth

intensive vs extensive

destructive, constant nutrient ********* / distributing land use across more space

biomes & biodiversity separation

tropical rainforest, savanna, desert (hot & cold), mediterranean, decidious & coniferous forest, tundra, temperate grassland, highland & polar

climates

rainy -> tropical wet, tropical wet & dry

dry -> semi arid/steppe, arid/desert,

warm temperate -> mediterranean, humid subtropical, marine

cold temperate -> continental (cool & warm summer), subarctic

polar -> tundra, ice cap

highlands

goods

resources/materials extracted from the environment and used in their raw state 

• timber/fuelwood
• food
• medicinal plants
• water

services

• provisioning - resources (food & water) 
• regulating - climate control (temp & humidity)
• suporting - nutrient cycling
• cultural - recreational

development & growth 

economic 

technological 

population 

rural-urban migration 

non-renewable

coal

oil

natural gas

fuelwood

nuclear energy 

renewable

hydro, wind, solar & tidal

geothermal

biofuels & waste

efficiency 

conservation

finite non-renewable source must be conserved -> avoid pollution & best use with least waste

energy demand

sectors

• primary  - natural resources
• secondary - production & processing of resources
• tertiary - provision of goods & services
• quaternary -  information & communication provison (R & D)

importance of sectors indicates level of economic development (developed, developing etc)

measurements of economic output of a country

GNI - gross national income

GDP - gross domestic product

economic activity 

• creates job oppurtunities 
• generates income
• production & consumption cycle

changes over time

pre-industrial - primary sector leads

industrial - secondary & tertiary increase whilst primary declines

post-industrial - tertiary leads & quaternary appears, others decline in relativity

sector shifts indicate process of development 

agriculture -> mechanisation -> economic improvement + reduced labour force reliance ->   rural-urban migration -> expanding markets -> widening range & lifestyle improvement -> tertiary sector dominance  (employment & wealth generation

materials

price of land

customer convenience 

transport networks

amenities 

employees / labour force 

infrastructure 

land use