Defining Place and Space

• Space is different than place.
• Space exists between places and does not have the meaning places do.
  • Yi Fu Tuan (1977)- "space is given by the ability to move, space implies freedom" 
  • " a place comes into existance when humans give meaning to a part of the larger, undifferentiated space"
  • "when space feels thoroughly familiar to us, it becomes a place. Place is a type of object. Places and objects define space".
• Places have objective and subjective meanings.
  • Objective- can be verified by a fixed location (it can be plotted on a map)
  • Subjective- based on a point of view

• IDENTITY:
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Sexuality
  • Religion
  • Role

• places gain more meaning the longer you stay there
• different needs for young and old 
• built environment perception changes with age (mobility)
  • e.g  OWCH (old women's co-housing community), a group of women over fifty who have created our own community in a new, purpose-built block of flats in North London. As an alternative to living alone, we have friendly, helpful neighbours.
• many people move through a lifecycle where they live.

• e.g Iran has barred female spectators from football and other stadiums for around 40 years.  Fifa threatened to suspend the Islamic republic over its controversial male-only policy. Women are now allowed into the stadium, with restrictions.
  • past perceptions/photographs etc of sporting events overwhelmingly male.
• safety has an impact on people's mental maps
  • e.g women may not walk through city centre at night
• architects are a player in new developments.
  • Many are white, young males. Fewer than 1/10 is black, asian or minority-ethnic.
  • less than a third of UK qualified architects are women 
  • this all plays a part in mental maps (alley ways, accessibility for wheelchairs and pushchairs etc).

• differing acceptance of LGBTQ+ in different countries/places 

• 73

jurisdictions (the official power to make legal decisions and judgements) criminalise private, consensual, same-sex sexual activity. Almost half are commonwealth.

• Manchester gay village welcome LGBTQ+ (clubs bars etc)
• If people feel safe in an area they may be drawn to there

• add meaning OR create conflict
• e.g- uluru- tourist attraction to some, sacred to indigenous Australians and is thought to have started forming around 550 million years ago.
• e.g- ugyhur musims regected and mistreated in china. 
• e.g- conflict (israelis and palestinians conflict over jerusalem, began mid 20th century)

• our role effects our behaviour and perception in certain places
• people can feel included or excluded
• e.g gated communities 
• socio- economic role

• • strong emotional attachment of football fans to their team's stadium
• Diaspora- group of people with similar heritage or homeland that have settled elsewhere
• long term attachment based on memories
• people can be attatched to a homeland that has no geographical or political base.
  • e.g Kurds 

• a distincitve group/community that are united through race, culture and langauge 
• indigenous people of Mesopotamian plains (mostly Iraq) 
• they have been repeatedly dispursed after western powers promised them their own homeland after WW1.
• Kurds have been restricted from their languagel, identity and costume.
• they are still a community working towards having their own homeland 'Kurdistan'

• historically opressed without a state
• want peace and co-existance
• dispursed after promised homeland
• they want a stable country to live in