Geography - general definitions (Human geography)

?
Personal factors
Such as family and friends and things we've done whilst growing up
1 of 83
Physical landscape
hills, mountains, coasts ect
2 of 83
Human landscape
For example Suffolk's, thatched cottages or Yorkshire's gritstone buildings
3 of 83
Economic past
Many large civic buildings in NW England date from wealthy Victorian industrial past
4 of 83
Religious past
Churches, Mosques, Synagogues form the heart of many places
5 of 83
Food and Drink
e.g. Scottish Whiskey, Yorkshire puddings
6 of 83
Media portrayal
Books, films and TV. Corrie (Manchester) or Doc Martin (Cornwall)
7 of 83
Space
A simple concept, single dimension. It is the physical location that a place is
8 of 83
Place
It is both space and time that come together in place, and therefore a 'particular place not only brings together local and global influences, multiple cultures and identities, but it also contains historical influences which shape its present
9 of 83
Location
Where a place is on a map, its latitude and longitudinal coordinations
10 of 83
Local
Each pace contains a series of locals or settings where everyday life takes place. Examples include a school, an office, a park, a home or a church.
11 of 83
Sense of place
The personal and emotional attachment to a place...what is means to you
12 of 83
A descriptive approach
The idea that the world is a set of places and each place can be studied and distinct
13 of 83
A social constructionist approach
Sees place as a product of a particular set of social processes occurring at a particular time
14 of 83
A phenomenological approach
It is interested in how an individual person experiences place, recognition a highly personal relationship between place and person
15 of 83
Perception of place
This is the way in which place is viewed or regarded by people.This can be influenced by media representation or personal experience
16 of 83
Placemaking
A deliberate shaping of an environment to facilitate social interaction and improve a community's quality of life
17 of 83
Localism
An affection for or emotional ownership of a particular place
18 of 83
Regionalism
Consciousness of, and loyalty to, a distinct region with a population that shares similarities
19 of 83
Nationalism
Loyalty and devotion to a nation
20 of 83
Placelessness
Is the idea that a place 'could be anywhere' and it lacks uniqueness
21 of 83
Glocalisation
When MNC's adapt to the local market
22 of 83
well-being
What makes a place great such as sociability shows a strong community and friendly environment
23 of 83
Gated Communities
Enclosed housing estates where access is strictly controlled
24 of 83
Topophilia
love or a place
25 of 83
Topophobia
hate of a place
26 of 83
Time space convergence
the impression that distances between 2 locations have decreased due to improvements in transport and communication
27 of 83
Experienced places
those places that a person has spent time in
28 of 83
Media places
those places that the person has only read about or seen on a film
29 of 83
Endogenous
Characteristics which have originated internally
30 of 83
Exogenous
Characteristics which are external and its relationship to other places
31 of 83
Utilitarian
Designed to be useful or particular rather than attractive
32 of 83
Homogenized
Composed of parts or elements that are all of the same kind
33 of 83
Agents of change
These are the people who impact on a place whether through living, working or trying to improve that place.
34 of 83
Meaning
Peoples perception of place
35 of 83
Representation
How a place is portrayed in society
36 of 83
Re-imaging
Disassociates a place from bad pre existing images in relation to poor housing, social deprivation, high levels of crime, environmental pollution and industrial dereliction
37 of 83
Re branding
This is a way or ways in which a place is redeveloped and marketed so that it gains a new identity
38 of 83
Regeneration
Is a long term process involving redevelopment and the use of social, economical and environmental action to reverse urban decline and create sustainable communities
39 of 83
Urban
an urban area is the region surrounding a city
40 of 83
Megacity
A city or urban agglomeration with a population of more than 10 million people
41 of 83
Metacity
A conurbation with more than 20 million people
42 of 83
Urban growth
An increase in the number of urban dwellers
43 of 83
Urbanization
An increase in the proportion of a country's population that lives in towns an cities
44 of 83
Urban sprawl
The spread of an urban area into the surrounding countryside
45 of 83
Millionaire city
A city with over a million inhabitants
46 of 83
World city
A city that is a major centre for finance, trade, business, culture, science information gathering and mass media
47 of 83
Natural Increase
The difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths during the year
48 of 83
Fertility rate
The number of live births per 1000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 years
49 of 83
Birth rate
Birth per 100 women, categorized according to a specific composition of mothers in the population
50 of 83
Death rate
The ratio of deaths of the population of a particular area or during a particular period of time, usually calculated as the number of deaths per 1000 people per year
51 of 83
Natural population growth
Urban areas tend to have younger age profile. It is young adults who are most likely to migrate from rural to urban
52 of 83
Decentralisation
The movement of people from large urban areas into smaller urban areas or into rural areas. thereby leapfrogging the rural-urban fringe
53 of 83
Homogenisation
When cities or towns become indistict from one another
54 of 83
Edge city
Self contained settlements that have developed beyond the original city boundary
55 of 83
Fragmentation
Cities are more ethnically diverse, but social and cultural inequalities and segregation are more common
56 of 83
Globalization
Shops, services and business are global brands and companies, rather than local
57 of 83
Simulation
Artchitecture becomes an expression of art in PMWC's and so buildings often simulate heritage or other famous buildings/places
58 of 83
Fortification
Security is a key concept in PMWC's, so fortress landscapes are often common
59 of 83
Beautification
Architecture is more an expression of art than function in PMWC's
60 of 83
Information
PMWC's are dominated by the service an knowledge economies
61 of 83
Privatisation
Cities are becoming more privately owned
62 of 83
Economic inequality
the difference between levels of living standards
63 of 83
Economically inactive people
Those not in work an not seeking work nor available for work
64 of 83
Living wage
An hourly rate set independently and updated annually based on the cost of living in the UK
65 of 83
Special economic zones
A designated area within a country that has favorable economic regulations to encourage investment
66 of 83
Cultural diversity
The existance of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within society
67 of 83
Dispora
A group of people with a similar heritage or homeland who have settled eleswhere in the world
68 of 83
Social segregation
When groups of people live apart from the larger population
69 of 83
Urban social exclusion
Economic and social problems faced by residents in areas of multiple deprivation
70 of 83
Well-being
What makes a good place to live - sociability, access, activities, image
71 of 83
Identity
How is place important to you - How does place define your identity - Local, regional and national
72 of 83
Belonging
What does it mean to belong to a place - What influences the feeling of belonging - Community spirit, inclusivity
73 of 83
Urbanization
The process in by which places and people become more urban
74 of 83
Suburbanisation
People move from congested city centers to the margins of the urban areas.
75 of 83
Counterurbanisation
The movement of people to dormitory settlements and commuter town
76 of 83
Urban regeneration
Attempts by government and key stakeholders trigger the movement of people back into urban areas.
77 of 83
deindustrialization
heavy losses in manufacturing jobs in British cities
78 of 83
decentralisation
the outward movement of people and activities from established centers
79 of 83
Urban form
Refers to the size, shape, density and organisation of urban areas
80 of 83
Economic inequality
Is the wealth gap between rich and poor
81 of 83
Multiple deprivation
The lagging behind in a number of related aspects of life, such as employment, housing and services
82 of 83
Social segregation
The spatial concentration of the wealthy and the poor
83 of 83

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

hills, mountains, coasts ect

Back

Physical landscape

Card 3

Front

For example Suffolk's, thatched cottages or Yorkshire's gritstone buildings

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Many large civic buildings in NW England date from wealthy Victorian industrial past

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Churches, Mosques, Synagogues form the heart of many places

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Geography resources:

See all Geography resources »See all Rural and urban challenges and regeneration resources »