Cardio Vascular system, Heart and Vessels

Functions

• Transport
• protection
• Regulate body temperature

Structure of the heart

• Valves - prevent back flow of blood (X4 = bisupiotincuspid,semi lunar valves)

Blood pressure (increases with ... )

• Excercise 
• Diet - high cholestrol/ saturated fat
• Alcohol/smoking/drugs
• stress
• Age

Thresholds of training

123 ~ 60-80% : Aerobic training zone                                                                        154 ~ 80% + : Anaerobic training zone                                                                       220 - AGE = Max heart rate                                                                                        220- 15 or 16 = ? x 60/100

Drugs

Beta blockers increase blood pressure, decrease heart rate + DEATH                      Anabolic steroids increase blood pressure, increase risk of heart disease                diuretics cause dehydration, increase blood pressure, blood thickens                       stimulants increase heart rate, increase blood pressure + heart problems                Narcotic analgesics - pain killers ; decrease blood pressure                                      Peptide hormones  (EPO) = increase red blood cell count for endurance ( BLOOD DOPING)                                                                                                   

Blood components

1.RED BLOOD CELL - CARRY BLOOD (HEAMOGLOBIN MAKES IT RED)                2. WHITE BLOOD CELL - FIGHT DISEASES                                                              3. PLASMA - TRANSPORTING GLUCOSE (BLOOD 55% GLUCOSE)                        4. PLATLETS - CAUSE CLOTTING

Short term/immediate effects of excercise

• Blood pressure increases
• Heart rate increases
• Stroke volume increases

Long term effects of excercise

• Stroke volume, Blood pressure and HDLS increased
• Heart rate increase >60bpm = Bradychrdia