Beliefs in Society- Revision- Unit 3- Writers
- Created by: Chelsea
- Created on: 16-01-13 11:11
WRITERS;
COMTE-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
society passes through three stages- in the theological stage religion provided explanations of the world.
SECULARISATION
by the positivist stage, scientific explanations replace the religious ones
WRITERS;
DURKHEIM-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
provides social order (regulation) by reinforcing collective conscience and helps with social stability (intergration) collective worship maintains society.
SECULARISATION
as the division of labour increases, religion loses its ability to maintain social order- but still remains.
WRITERS;
PARSONS-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion provides value consensus, (socialisation), explains the unexplainable, provides comfort in times of stress and anxiety
SECULARISATION
structural differentiation causes religion to lose functions to other institutions. pure functions remain
WRITERS;
MALINOWSKI-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion provides rituals that reduce anxiety e.g. the trobriand islanders- life crisis
SECULARISATION
as knowledge increases there is less we find impossible to explain
WRITERS;
BELLAH-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
in modern multi-faith society, religion can no longer provide its functions. civil religion takes over, and different religions are united.
SECULARISATION
civil religion is evidence of secularisation, religion can no longer claim a monopoly of truth people now have 'pick'n'mix' spirituality
WRITERS;
MARX-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion maintains capitalism- legitimises heirachy- poverty - and exploitation. the 'opium of the people keep the masses quiet.
SECULARISATION
once the working class revolt the need for religion will disappear. communisum will replace capitalism and the source of pain will disappear.
WRITERS;
MADURO-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion loses its negative functions which are taken over by capitalism. religion is capable of causing revolutionary change for the working class- liberation theology.
SECULARISATION
can be used as evidence against the secularisation arguement, religion takes on functions e.g. government reverses the disengagement
WRITERS;
WEBER-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion provides an explanation for the world, it aids social change it encourages rational thinking which produces capitalism (protestant ethic).
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
sects develop as a theodicy of disprivelige among materially deprived groups
SECULARISATION
the rational thinking that is necessary to create capitalism will ultimately mean the end of religion
WRITERS;
DE BEAUVOIR / EL SAADAWI-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion is patriachal- it dominates women and legitimises inequality, women put up with inequality as they believe they will be rewarded later.
SECULARISATION
once women achieve equality, they will no longer need religion to provide comfort
WRITERS;
STARK AND BAINBRIDGE-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion provides compensators for the problems of life
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
nrm's are the renewal of religion in modern society
SECULARISATION
religion will contunue as people will always need compensators. low attendance is not proof of a decline in religion
WRITERS;
BERGER-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion helps people understand reality, it legitimises shared meanings and helps to make sense of the world
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
people are exposed to a wider range of religions in modern society
SECULARISATION
religion is increasingly unable to influence people's lives due to rationalisation, mystery and magic are removed
WRITERS;
TROELTSCH-
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
provides definitions for the differences between sects, cults and denominations
WRITERS;
WILSON-
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
sects develop as a result of social change, this affecting the marginalised groups
SECULARISATION
sects are evidence of secularisation which occurs during modernisation
WRITERS;
WALLIS-
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
defines nrm's - world accom - world reject - world affirm
SECULARISATION
nrm's are a privatised expression of belief
WRITERS;
MILLER AND HOFFMAN-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
women are more religious due to differential roles and socialisation
WRITERS;
MARTIN-
SECULARISATION
people went to church for respectability, he argues against secularisation in latin american countries.
' THERE WAS NO GOLDEN AGE OF RELIGION '
WRITERS;
YINGER-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
religion helps people to understand the world
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
world rejecting nrm's isolate themselves and this makes them likely to die out
WRITERS;
BRUCE-
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
sects develop as a process of modernisatio, world rej. appeal to the young middle class
SECULARISATION
religion has declined from its height in the middle ages due to modernisation
WRITERS;
NEIBUHR-
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
cults die out quickly due to lack of commitment, sects develop into denominations
WRITERS;
MCGUIRE-
RELIGION AND SOCIETY / SOCIAL CHANGE
four factors detirmine whether religion can bring social change
WRITERS;
DAVIE-
SECULARISATION
believing without belonging, low attendance doesnt always show lack of faith
WRITERS;
HEELAS-
GROWTH OF NRM'S, SECTS AND CULTS
new age movements appeal to middle clas, mainly women
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