COGNITION & DEVELOPMENT
THEORIES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, INCLUDING PIAGET AND
VYGOTSKY
PIAGET
The idea that we are born with basic skills to allow for cognitive development that grow as we
become older.
He believed that the child underwent two processes:
o Accommodation- When a schema is altered in order to…
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Stages of Cognitive Development- Stages of concept formation
o Vague Syncretic- No organised grouping of items and no understanding of categories.
Trial and error is used to solve problems.
o Complex- Begin to understand grouping and strategies become less random. Correct
category is usually not selected though i.e. animal category…
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Evidence that traditional teaching methods i.e. lecturing, are better than Piaget's method.
The approach is best used on mathematical and logical subjects and not on subjects like history or
languages.
The approach requires you to know what schemas a child possesses in order to determine which
stage they are in…
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Stage 6- Universal Ethical Principles-> Conscience dictates whether to break the
law or not.
AO2
Colby et al- 27 yearlong study on male PPs. Tested 6 times. All went through the same moral
development stages.
UNIVERSAL- Meta analysis. People move through same stages in same order in different
cultures.
->…
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False belief tasks indicate this. Wimmer & Perner- Indicating which cupboard, green or blue, a
child would look in to find the sweets he had originally put in the blue cupboard but after someone
had moved them to the green.
-> 2-3 Year olds are more likely to say the…
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Cultural norm may be that they choose to ignore the opinions of others or appear to but doesn't
mean that they can't take on that view.
BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS OF SOCIAL COGNITION, INCLUDING THE ROLE
OF THE MIRROR NEURON SYSTEM
Social cognition may be damaged when the brain is damaged:
->Anosognosia-…
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