crude oil and alkanes

Crude Oil and Alkanes
LAUREN WOOLFE…read more

What is a Hydrocarbon?
A Hydrocarbon is a compound only containing Hydrogen and Carbon
They can have single and double bonds, meaning they can be
saturated or unsaturated.
They have a variety of chain lengths
Varied shapes
Many are flexible and can move whilst still having fixed van der Waals,
Covalent and Hydrogen bonds.…read more

What is an Alkane?
An Alkane is the simplest form of a hydrocarbon. Each Carbon atom
has 4 bonded pairs.
They have single bonds, therefore are saturated.
They are insoluble in water
Have a variety of chain lengths
Rotate and bend easily
Have the general formula CnH2n+2
As the molecules get longer the more energy it takes to remove the
inter/intramolecular forces holding the atoms together (either van der
waals, covalent or hydrogen) therefore boiling point increases.
Release large amounts of energy.…read more

What do Alkanes look like?…read more

What is crude oil?
Crude oil is a mixture of long and short-chain hydrocarbons
It if a non-renewable fossil fuel
Crude oil , once in shorter chains can be condensed into Petrol,
Kerosene, gas oil and many more.
we use shorter chain hydrocarbons in everyday life, This means that
we have to find a way to shorten or separate the hydrocarbons, this is
done by:
Cracking
Fractional Distillation…read more

Cracking
This involves breaking the C-C bonds in the Hydrocarbon.
The long, heavy hydrocarbons are passed over a catalyst and a
very high temperature, this breaks the bonds forming smaller
alkenes and Alkanes.…read more