Multiculturalism types
Same Key as my other one :)
- Created by: Tori
- Created on: 06-05-13 21:06
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- Types of Multiculturalism
- Pluralist Multiculturalism
- Particularist
- Emphasise difference of groups against dominant ones
- Cultural diversity - unequal power: groups enjoy priviledges otherwise denied to other groups because aligned to needs and interests of minorities
- Positive Discrimination (see previous mind map)
- Dialectic
- MOSAIC approach that recognises the complexity of human nature as a basis for politics of recognition: allows individualism within the culture
- Parekh discusses how cultural diversity is a reflection of didactic or interplay b/t human nature and culture
- Limit/tension: recognise culture only expresses part of what it means to be truly human
- Value pluralism
- Ideologies compete but all ideologies and conceptions are equally legit.
- Support personal freedom
- Isaiah Berlin: 'live and let live' - a politics of indifference
- Tension: Berlin only viewed that societies respecting individual liberty would value pluralism; failed to demonstrate how illiberal and liberal cultures would coincide
- Particularist
- Cosmopolitan Multiculturalism
- Pick and Mix
- People choose cultural traits and reject unwanted ones
- Encourages cultural exchange and mixing so endorses cultural diversity and identity politics (cultures learn from each other)
- Waldron: 'pick n mix' model
- Limit: cosmo = global consciousness but multicult is specific needs and interests of distinctive cultural groups
- Fluid and Changing
- Changing to social circumstances and personal needs
- Waldron: 'melting-pot' society
- Limit: Not fied historically embedded as particularist/pluralist argue
- Pick and Mix
- Liberalism and Multiculturalism
- Commitment to Toleration: uphold freedom of choice in the moral sphere
- Lib is a neutral ideology, meant to be 'difference-blind' regarding religion, race etc
- Believe people should be evaluated as morally autonomous beings
- But Toleration is not morally neutral as only extends to the Tolerant: limited endorsement of cultural diversity. Individual rights and freedom before cultural rights of group
- i.e. female circumcision and dress codes not condoned
- No like 'deep diversity' as must condone personal freedom and autonomy
- Distinction between public and private sphere: private is realm of freedom; public is shared civil allegiences. CITIZENSHIP should be divorced from cultural identity
- France and hijab
- Compatible with Civic nationalism: 'hyphenated nationality' - USA and African-Americans etc
- Pluralist Multiculturalism
- Liberalism and Multiculturalism
- Commitment to Toleration: uphold freedom of choice in the moral sphere
- Lib is a neutral ideology, meant to be 'difference-blind' regarding religion, race etc
- Believe people should be evaluated as morally autonomous beings
- But Toleration is not morally neutral as only extends to the Tolerant: limited endorsement of cultural diversity. Individual rights and freedom before cultural rights of group
- i.e. female circumcision and dress codes not condoned
- No like 'deep diversity' as must condone personal freedom and autonomy
- Distinction between public and private sphere: private is realm of freedom; public is shared civil allegiences. CITIZENSHIP should be divorced from cultural identity
- France and hijab
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