The Five Year Plan, 1928-1932
- Created by: KiaP1999
- Created on: 03-02-17 10:13
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- The Five Year Plan, October 1st 1928- December 31st 1932
- Why it replaced the N.E.P.
- Political
- Capitalist idealogys, split in party, power struggle after Lenins death
- Social
- NEPmen and Kulaks
- Economic
- Scissors crisis
- Industrial prices were three times higher, relative to agricultural prices, than they had been before the war
- Poor industrial growth
- Scissors crisis
- Militairy
- Poor weapons production, lack of ready-made materials, war scares
- Political
- Successes
- Economic growth 14% per year
- New city opportunities led to urban populations trebling in the 1930's
- Women entered the workforce
- women became doctors, scientists, canal diggers and steel workers
- Soviet Union began its journey to becoming a world superpower through industrialization
- Improvements in production between 1928 and 1937
- Coal
- from 36 million tonnes to 130 million tonnes
- Iron
- from 3 million tonnes to 15 million tonnes
- Oil
- from 2 million tonnes to 29 million tonnes
- Electricity
- from 5,000 million to 36,000 million kilowatts
- Coal
- ended the famine crisis of late 1932 to early 1933
- Tractors built to mechanise agriculture
- MTS
- Failures
- Quantity over quality
- Outrageous targets led to panic to fill them in fear of being accused of an enemy to the state
- targets were estimated not calculated
- loss of workers led to quantity and quality decrease
- figures were fabricated to meet targets, if found out the would be arrested and imprisoned
- Living standards
- Stalin introduced a 7 day working week and lengthened working hours.
- Lateness, striking, and breaking equipment were criminalised
- Consumer goods such as shoeswere incredibly scarce, as the Gosplan prioritised heavy industry
- New industrial towns such as Magnitogorsk were nothing more than huts with no sanitation or heating
- Black Market
- People sold food, shoes, cigarettes, and vodka for extremely high prices.
- Slave Labour
- Peasants who were arrested during dekulakisation were forced into Gulags (labour camps) and worked on industrial projects
- 40,000 prisioners worked to build Magnitogorsk
- Catastrophic famine in Ukraine from 1932 to 1933
- Quantity over quality
- Stakhnovite movement
- A movement formed by workers who followed the example of Alexi Stakhanov, who over-achieved targets set for him (mining 102 tons of coal in under 6 hours)
- Alexei Stakhanov
- A movement formed by workers who followed the example of Alexi Stakhanov, who over-achieved targets set for him (mining 102 tons of coal in under 6 hours)
- Gosplan
- The state Planning Committee which was responsible for economic planning in the Soviet Union
- Quicksand Society
- Workers change jobs constantly looking for best pay/conditions which led to instability
- Why the five year plans were introduced
- Fear of foreign invasion
- War scare triggered from Britain breaking off diplomatic relations in 1921
- Stalin emphasised the need for the Soviet Union to be in a position to meet a foreign threat
- Political reasons
- Remove the Kulaks and NEPmen which thrived during the N.E.P.
- Strengthen the communist part and recover the split of right and left wing
- Fear of foreign invasion
- Why it replaced the N.E.P.
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