The failure to reach a negotiated settlement
- Created by: Tori
- Created on: 12-04-20 11:46
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- The Failure to reach a Negotiated Settlement 1646-49
- Even though Charles had surrendered to the Scots, he was not prepared to negotiate seriously.
- The divisions between parliament's military forces. the Scots and the New Model Army was reflected in Parliament.
- The majority of MP's, the Political Presbyterians, had close ties with the Scottish military leaders, while the Political Independants were linked to MPs who were also New Model Army officers.
- The divisions between parliament's military forces. the Scots and the New Model Army was reflected in Parliament.
- The Newcastle Propositions, 1646
- The Political Presbyterians (Scots side) sought a compromise with the Newcastle Propositions (New Model Army side)
- Included;
- Abolish the office of bishop in the Anglican Church.
- Strict anti-Catholic laws were to be enforced.
- Parliament was to take control of the armed forces for 20 years.
- Negotiations were broken down by the end of 1646.
- In January 1647 the Scots handed the king over to parliament.
- Included;
- The Political Presbyterians (Scots side) sought a compromise with the Newcastle Propositions (New Model Army side)
- The Heads of Proposals, 1647
- The Political Presbyterians considered disbanding the New Model Army without paying arrears of pay.
- This suggestion caused the army to become politicised.
- Developed into a third factor in negotiations for a settlement.
- In June the army gained custody of the king, and presented their own proposals to him.
- Developed into a third factor in negotiations for a settlement.
- This suggestion caused the army to become politicised.
- The heads of Proposals was way more moderate than the Newcastle Propositions.
- Suggested that the army wanted to establish a lasting and stable settlement.
- Main concern was to strengthen the power of parliament:
- Parliament would meet every two years.
- Constituencies were to be reorganised to reflect population size and local wealth.
- Anglican bishops were to remain.
- Main concern was to strengthen the power of parliament:
- Suggested that the army wanted to establish a lasting and stable settlement.
- While Charles was considering these proposals he was also engaged in secret discussions with the Scots.
- He signed an agreement with the Scots in December 1647.
- Promised to impose Presbyterianism in England for 3 years in exchange for a Scottish army.
- He signed an agreement with the Scots in December 1647.
- The Political Presbyterians considered disbanding the New Model Army without paying arrears of pay.
- The Second Civil War, 1648
- The war was short but fiercely contested by both sides.
- Fairfax put down royalist risings in the South of England.
- In August Cromwell destroyed the Scottish army at the battle of Preston.
- In the aftermath, the army leadership publishes the Remonstrance
- Declared that the King was guilty of high treason for starting the 2nd Civil War and should be put on trial.
- When parliament voted to continue negotiations with the king, troops arrested 45 MPs and excluded a further 186 from the Commons.
- This event was known as the Pride's Purge.
- The war was short but fiercely contested by both sides.
- The trial and execution of Chalres I, 1649
- January 1649, Chalres was tried by 135 Commissioners.
- He refused to accept that any court had the power to place a divinely appointed monarch on trial, and would not answer the charges made against him.
- The court found him guilty of all charges, and sentenced him to death.
- He was executed on 30th January 1649.
- January 1649, Chalres was tried by 135 Commissioners.
- Even though Charles had surrendered to the Scots, he was not prepared to negotiate seriously.
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