Special Diets

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  • Created by: Stephers
  • Created on: 21-04-14 08:48
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  • Special Diets
    • Food Intolerence
      • An adverse reaction to a food/food ingredient eg.milk which is repeatable, not in the mind and the immune system is NOT involved
      • Coeliac Disease
        • When the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue
        • Common digestive disorder where the body has an adverse reaction to gluten
          • Causes inflammation of the large intestine
          • If untreated may lead to bowel cancer
        • Avoid pasta, cereal, cake, bread, sauce, ready meals, processed meats
        • Symptoms: Constipation, diarrhoea, bloating, wind, abdominal pain, weight loss, tiredness and lack of growth in children
      • When the body doesn't have the right enzyme to digest the substance
      • Large amounts may act as a drug eg.large amounts of caffine may cause migranes
      • Lactose Intolerence
        • Common digestive problem where the body is unable to digest lactose, a type of sugar found in dairy products
        • Symptoms: Bloated stomach, wind, diarrhoea
        • Avoid dairy products, baked goods, bread, cereals, salad dressings, sweets
        • When the person doesn't produce enough of the lactase enzyme so the lactose stays in the digestive system where it is fermented by bacteria
        • May lead to osteoporosis or Crohms disease
        • Check with the chef
    • Energy Balance
      • Obesity is 'Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health'
      • Energy In > Energy Out = Weight Gain
      • Energy Out > Energy In = Weight Loss
      • Body Mass Index
        • BMI=kg ÷ m²
      • Factors affecting energy requirements
        • Age
        • BMR
        • Activity level
        • Gender
        • State of body eg. Pregnant/ lactating/Illness
      • BMR - The rate at which a person uses energy to maintain basic bodily functions eg. Heartbeat
    • Food Allergies
      • When the body's immune system reacts to a certain food. Can be life threatening
      • Food allergies are more commonly found and developed in children
      • eg. Peanut, egg, fish, soya, fruit and veg.
      • Anaphylaxis Reaction
        • Symptoms in different parts of the  body-if untreated may be fatal
      • The body attacks the food as a foreign substance . If untreated may be fatal
      • Exclude food causing problem
      • Check labels
      • Find alternatives
      • Modify reciepes
  • Energy In > Energy Out = Weight Gain
  • May lead to osteoporosis or Crohms disease

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