social psychological explanations of criminal behaviours - social learning theory
- Created by: Abi Crew
- Created on: 18-05-22 15:39
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- social learning theory
- emphasizes the importance of observing, modelling, and imitating the behaviours, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others, particularly in mimicking criminal behaviour
- considers how both environmental and cognitive factors interact to influence human learning and behaviour.
- Albert Bandura (1977) agrees with the behaviorist learning theories ofclassical conditioning and operant conditioning.
- Mediating processes occur between stimuli & responses.
- Behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning.
- 4 mediational processes proposed by Bandura for SLT to work
- Attention: The individual needs to pay attention to the criminal behaviour and its consequences and form a mental representation of the behaviour. For a behaviour to be imitated, it has to grab our attention.
- Retention: How well the behavior is remembered. The behavior may be noticed but is it not always remembered which obviously prevents imitation. It is important therefore that a memory of the behavior is formed to be performed later by the observer.
- Reproduction: This is the ability to perform the behavior that the model has just demonstrated. We see much behavior on a daily basis that we would like to be able to imitate but that this not always possible. We are limited by our physical ability and for that reason, even if we wish to reproduce the behavior, we cannot.
- Motivation: The will to perform the behavior. The rewards and punishment that follow a behavior will be considered by the observer. If the perceived rewards outweigh the perceived costs (if there are any), then the behavior will be more likely to be imitated by the observer.
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