Research Methods (G541)

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  • Correlations
    • Zero
    • Positive
    • Negative
    • Can't infer causation
      • only relationship
    • Coefficients
      • Strong
        • 0.8
      • Perfect
        • 1.0
      • Weak
        • 0.2
      • Zero
    • Hypothesis
      • State relationship or correlation
      • Add operationalised IV and DV
  • Observations
    • Participant
      • Take part in observation
      • could be less objective
    • Non Participant
      • Only observation
      • No interaction
    • Covert
      • ethical issues
      • participants unaware of observation
    • Overt
      • participants could act differently
      • Participants aware of observer
    • Reliability
      • Difficult to replicate
      • Inter rater
      • Improve by using coding scheme
      • Validity
        • Participants aware
        • Observer bias
    • Validity
      • Participants aware
      • Observer bias
    • Sampling
      • Event
        • Coding scheme
        • records an event every time it happens
        • Could be difficult to record everything
      • Time
        • researcher decides on a time
        • Records  behaviors in that time frame
        • Not representative due to behaviors missed outside the time frame
  • Self Report
    • Questionnaires
      • open questions
        • Qualitative data
      • Closed questions
        • Quantitative data
      • Social desirability
      • Response rates
      • leading Qs
    • Interviews
      • Structured
      • Unstructured
    • Quantitative data
      • No meaning
      • numerical
      • easy to analyse
    • Qualitative data
      • no interpretation needed
      • describing the meaning
      • more valid
      • difficult to analyse
    • Types
      • Hand out
      • face to face
      • phone
      • email/internet
      • postal
    • Reliability
      • consistent finding
    • Validity
      • measures what it claims to

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