Protein Revision

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  • Protein
    • What is protein?
      • Protein= a macro nutrient, but is formed from simpler units called amino acids.
      • Eight amino acids need to be provided by the diet= essential amino acids.
      • Protein= specific functions in the body; growth, repair, maintenance + secondary energy source.
    • Sources of protein:
      • Animal sources= meat, fish, milk, eggs, cheese + insects
      • Plant sources= soya, nuts, seeds + mycoprotein (quorn)
    • The biological value of proteins:
      • The biological value of proteins= the amount of essential amino acids present.
      • Animal protein sources= contain all essential amino acids needed by the body= High Biological Value= HBV
      • Proteins from plant sources= Low Biological Value= lack some essential amino acids.
        • Exception= soya= has a HBV= is a plant protein.
    • Protein Complementation:
      • Proteins of LBV= can be eaten together to provide all essential amino acids
        • E.g. beans on toast= protein complementation.
      • Protein complementation= important for vegetarians + vegans.
  • Protein excess+ deficiencies:
    • Excess protein= used as energy.
    • Protein deficiencies= rare, but are appearing in developing countries.
    • some groups of people have a higher need for protein.
      • E.g.= children+babies= for growth
      • Adolescents= for growth spurts.
      • Pregnant women= for growing baby + nursing mothers= for lactation.
    • Protein
      • What is protein?
        • Protein= a macro nutrient, but is formed from simpler units called amino acids.
        • Eight amino acids need to be provided by the diet= essential amino acids.
        • Protein= specific functions in the body; growth, repair, maintenance + secondary energy source.
      • Sources of protein:
        • Animal sources= meat, fish, milk, eggs, cheese + insects
        • Plant sources= soya, nuts, seeds + mycoprotein (quorn)
      • The biological value of proteins:
        • The biological value of proteins= the amount of essential amino acids present.
        • Animal protein sources= contain all essential amino acids needed by the body= High Biological Value= HBV
        • Proteins from plant sources= Low Biological Value= lack some essential amino acids.
          • Exception= soya= has a HBV= is a plant protein.
      • Protein Complementation:
        • Proteins of LBV= can be eaten together to provide all essential amino acids
          • E.g. beans on toast= protein complementation.
        • Protein complementation= important for vegetarians + vegans.

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