Skeleton

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  • Protective structure of the skeleton
    • Skull
      • Houses the brain- from which the spinal cord passes.
        • 8 cranial and 14 facial bones
    • Spine
      • Protects the spinal chord-runs down the centre of the vertebrae and is the main telephone wire
        • 7 cervical vertabraes, 12 thoracic vertabraes. 5 lumar vertabraes, 5 sacral,4 coccygeal
      • Vertabrae differ in size becoming larger towards the sacrum, and smaller tailing off at the coccyx
      • 'bumps' felt are part of the spinous process.
      • Wings either side of the vertebrae are called Transverse process
    • Shoulder
      • The means by which the arms are carried and referred to as the shoulder girdle.
      • Ball and socket joint
    • Arm
      • Upper arm
        • Humeras- Long Cortical  bone with a length of trabecular bone attaching the ball to its head.
        • Forearm
          • Made up of two bones the Radius and the Ulna, which join the hum eras at the elbow to form the hinge joint and to allow the rotation of the palm. (Pronation and supenation)
    • Wrist and hand
      • A condyloid articulation comprising of eight small bones, forming the carpus, which attaches to the ulna and radius
    • Fingers
      • 14 small bones that articulate with metacarpals to form the knuckles, there being three bones in all except the thumb.
    • Ribcage
      • 12 pairs of ribs attached at the back to the thoracic vertebrae. They are attached to the sternum at the front

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