Bone

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  • Created by: Chloeann
  • Created on: 18-11-14 13:21
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  • Bone
    • Jobs of the bone
      • Scalffold for the body (more than 200 bones)
      • Gives the body shape
      • Protects the internal organs
    • Life cycle of the bone
      • Old bone is constantly being broken down and reformed.
      • Optimum bone mass being achieved between 25 and 30
      • Following this, bone mass will decrease at approx 0.3-3.4 per cent per year
      • All bones are coated by the periosteum. A tough membrane that protects the bone, and yet allows blood ti travel through the bone.
      • Bone is constantly being broken down and regenerated.
      • The bones comprises of Blood, Collagen, nerves, and cells
        • Main ones being Osteoblasts and osteocytes
          • Ostoporosis occurs when the osteoblasts that help to create bone become less active than Osteocytes causing the bones to be reabsorbed into the body
    • Different types of bone
      • Cortical bone
        • Makes up 80% of the skeleton and forms the long shafts of bone. e.g.. The fermur. They have a meduly canal with yellow fatty bone marrow in the middle
      • Trabecular Bone
        • Forms only 20% of the skeleton, hard outside shell, with a honey comb centre. Contains marrow between the trabecular. Forms the vertebrate, small bones in feet and the bridge that attachs the ball and socket joint
    • Joints
      • Attriculations that allow the joints to move.
      • The articular cartalidge acts as a glove covering the ends of the two bones that form a joint.
      • Covering both bones is the lining of the joint cavity (synovial membrane)
        • This secrets Synovial Fluid, that lubricates the joint.
      • The outside layer protecting the the joint is a tough fibrous connective tissue called 'joint capsule'.
        • This secures the two ends of the bone.
        • The capsule is then held in place by the capsule itself or by ligaments
    • When dances are training its important for a generous intake of vitamins D and K

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