The Processes of Globalisation
Main source: A2 AQA Nelson Thornes Geography Book by John Smith and Roger Knill
The the different aspects of the flows of globalisation
- Created by: Traffic_Lights
- Created on: 01-12-13 13:52
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- Process of Globalisation
- Flows of Capital and Information
- ICT in late 20th and 21st century allow cheap, reliable and almost instantaneous communication
- Sharing of information and allow transfer of capital
- global market
- Flows of People and Labour
- Improvements in transport allow easy movement of people
- Refugees from conflicts; although they usually migrate to the nearest possible refuge
- Increased size of aircraft means more people and lower costs per person
- Unskilled workers forcibly migrate illegally to richer nations to protect their population from workers who are willing to accept low wages and poor working conditions
- Growth of low-cost airlines and integrated air movement networks, often bases on major international hubs feeding national and international services
- allow international and intercontinental tourism
- movement by sea, air and road
- high speed rail networks
- movement of specialised workers on temporary and permanent basis
- Flows of Products and Services
- Container revolution - loading of large containers of products
- Integrated networks and computerised logistics systems for transport
- Global Market
- Marketing on a worldwide scale, reconciling or taking commercial advantage of global operational differences, similarities and opportunities in order to meet global onjectives
- when a company becomes a global marketeer, it views the world as one marketplace and products appropriate for various regional marketplaces
- The ultimate goal is to sell the same product in the same way everywhere
- For example Coca-Cola is selling the same product worldwide with only minor changes for different markets
- Advantages for TNCs
- Manufacturing can move to countries and regions where production costs are cheaper
- Cost of R&D of products can be spread across many more sales, reducing unit costs and increasing profits
- Brand loyalty can be encouraged as people migrate
- Flows of Capital and Information
- Flows of People and Labour
- Improvements in transport allow easy movement of people
- Refugees from conflicts; although they usually migrate to the nearest possible refuge
- Increased size of aircraft means more people and lower costs per person
- Unskilled workers forcibly migrate illegally to richer nations to protect their population from workers who are willing to accept low wages and poor working conditions
- Growth of low-cost airlines and integrated air movement networks, often bases on major international hubs feeding national and international services
- allow international and intercontinental tourism
- movement by sea, air and road
- high speed rail networks
- movement of specialised workers on temporary and permanent basis
- Advantages for TNCs
- Manufacturing can move to countries and regions where production costs are cheaper
- Cost of R&D of products can be spread across many more sales, reducing unit costs and increasing profits
- Brand loyalty can be encouraged as people migrate
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