Political Philosophy - Political Obligation

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  • Political Obligation (1)
    • About nature of relationship between individual and state
      • What is the state? Max Weber: Political organization
        • maintains monopoly of legit use of force and offers to protect everyone
    • Political Authority
      • Theoretical (reasons to believe) vs practical (to act)
      • State authority = practical authority
        • Authority is a relational concept
    • Legitmacy
      • Descriptive vs normative
        • Justified authority is legit
    • Political Obligation = moral duty to obey the law's of ones state
      • Surrender of Private Judgement - Obey because in virtue of the fact that it is simply law, independently of other moral reasons
    • If an individual is under obligation to obey the state, then the state has legitimate authority over them
    • Why do we have a moral duty to obey laws of the state?
      • 3 tests. A. John Simmons
      • Generality Test: We think that most people have a duty to obey
      • Particularity Test: We think that most people have a duty to obey their state
      • Normative Credentials Test: We think people have a duty to obey because of some morally significant property of the state or individual
    • Two Approaches
      • Historical Theories: Obligation arises because of some historical feature between state and individual eg. consent
      • Outcome Theories: Obligation arises because of something that the state does, some outcome produced eg. Justice
    • If the puzzle remains unsolved?
      • Accept that not everyone has political obligation
      • Become a philosophical anarchist
      • Argue that although there is no obligation, the state is still legit
      • Argue state is not justified
      • Argue that we have a duty to destroy the state

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