Part 1 of the Civil Rights Movement in America
- Created by: SquishyStitch
- Created on: 11-11-20 19:07
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- Civil Rights Movement
- Plessy v. Fergusson
- 1896
- "Separate but equal"
- The standards of black facilities were usually way worse, therefore not equal. Especially worse in the South.
- Constitutional for the segregation between black and white people.
- It made Jim Crow laws constitutional.
- Armed Forces
- President Truman desegregated them in World War 2.
- Desegregated in 1948
- The units were segregated.
- Voting Rights
- Whites used many tactics to try and prevent the black people from being able to vote.
- Grandfather clause - this meant that anyone with an ancestor who voted before the civil war didn't have to pay poll tax.
- Poll tax - many southern states required people to pay tax to vote.
- Literacy test - in order to vote people had to pass a literacy test. Some of these were rigged so black people couldn't pass.
- The tax and test were used because many black people were uneducated or did not have a well payed job.
- Who was fighting?
- NAACP
- Focused on fighting court cases.
- Main lawyer was Thurgood Marshall.
- Helped wrongly convicted black people.
- By the 1950s their aim was to end segregation.
- They won many cases. However the rulings were rarely followed in the south.
- National Association for the Advancement of Couloured People.
- CORE
- Congress of Racial Equality
- Non-violent methods like boycotts, sit-ins and pickets.
- Mainly active in the North.
- RCNL
- Regional Council of ***** Leadership
- Campaigned for equal facilities not desegregation
- Held large protests and rallies.
- Died out by the 1960s.
- Black Churches
- Black clergymen were good leaders because they were educated, public speakers and organise events.
- They were the centre of black communities.
- Gathered at churches for meetings and marches.
- Usually more successful because of their Christian morals.
- NAACP
- Murder of Emmett Till
- 1955 in Mississippi
- A 14 year old black boy.
- He supposedly cat-called a white lady.
- Bryant (the white lady's husband) and Milam abducted Till in the night a few days later.
- He was beaten beyond recognition, shot, and thrown in a river weighed down by a large metal fan attached by barbed wire.
- It was not a rare murder but it stood out because it was an open casket funeral so gained huge publiccity.
- Plessy v. Fergusson
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