ocr geo how are coastal landforms developed
- Created by: eimearmacc4
- Created on: 29-10-20 11:35
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- How are coastal landforms developed - ocr alevel
- Weathering
- physical/ mechanical
- salt crystallisation: salt solutions can sink into the spaces in porous rocks. salt forms crystals, the growth of these crystals causes the rock to disintegrate
- pressure released: when overlying rocks are moved by weathering and erosion the underlying rock expands and fracture
- salt crystallisation: salt solutions can sink into the spaces in porous rocks. salt forms crystals, the growth of these crystals causes the rock to disintegrate
- Chemical
- carbonation: rainwater combines with dissolved co2 to produce a weak carbonic aside that reacts with rocks such as limestone making them soluble
- hydration: water molecules added to rock minerals create new minerals of a larger volume. hydration causes surface flaking in many rocks
- carbonation: rainwater combines with dissolved co2 to produce a weak carbonic aside that reacts with rocks such as limestone making them soluble
- Biological
- tree roots: tree roots grow into cracks or joints in rocks and exert outward pressure. significant on cliff tops and faces
- organic acids: organic acids produced during decomositionof plant and animal litter cause soil water to become more acidic and react with some minerals
- tree roots: tree roots grow into cracks or joints in rocks and exert outward pressure. significant on cliff tops and faces
- physical/ mechanical
- mass movement
- Rock fall: on cliffs 40 degrees or more, especially if the cliff face is bare rocks may become detached by physical weathering processes
- slides: undercutting by wave erosion at the base of the cliff which removes support for the material above
- wave processes
- Erosion: abrasion (rocks rubbing), attrition (rocks colliding) , hydraulic action (waves break on cliff face), solution (dissolved minerals) , pouding (breaking wave exerts pressure on rocks)
- transportion: solution (dissolved minerals), suspension (small particles carried by current), saltation (suspension), traction (dragged along sea floor)
- Deposition
- where the rate of sediment exceeds the rate of removal
- when waves slow down right after breaking
- in low energy environments
- during backwash when water percolates into the beach material
- Weathering
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