Non-experimental Psychology Research: INTERVIEWS
- Created by: tarin_jannah
- Created on: 30-01-20 19:11
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- Interviews
- Non-experimental method as no IV is directly manipulated
- Gains self-reported information from PPs about their beliefs, opinions and attitudes by asking questions and analysing the answers
- Can be done face-to-face, or over the phone, and can be more or less structured depending on the type and purpose of the information
- A clinical interview is conducted by a clinician with patients, who have different issues so the clinician needs to be fairly flexible with questions asked so less structured interview is better
- Structured Interviews
- Standardised list of questions prepared beforehand
- Strict interview schedule so respondents asked same questions in same order
- Suitable for large-scale studies where a number of interviewers are required to get info from lots of different respondents
- Strengths and Weaknesses
- Lots of information gathered quickly from large number of people easily
- Easy to replicate as every question same
- Interviewer needs little training because of pre-set schedule
- Semi-structured Interviews
- Pre-set questions prepared before with a framework to follow
- Inc. open-ended questions or points of discussion the researcher can follow up
- Allows some free-flowing conversation for interviewer to explore respondents thoughts at different opportunities
- Strengths and Weaknesses
- Free to deviate from schedule for interesting conversations
- Asks pre-set questions and gives freedom to respondents to answer freely
- More time-consuming than structured
- Interviewer needs more training
- Unstructured Interviews
- No prepared questions or schedule to follow but there is a broad aim/purpose
- Interviewer directs questions based on respondents answers
- Most suitable to gain in-depth info from a small group of respondents
- Interviewer directs questions based on respondents answers
- Strengths and Weaknesses
- Gathers most in-depth information and free to fully explore thoughts of respondents
- Impossible to replicate
- Time-consuming
- Requires fully trained interviewer to build rapport relationship
- No prepared questions or schedule to follow but there is a broad aim/purpose
- Social desirability bias and interviewer effects
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