Milgram's 1963 Study

Includes an APRC (aim, procedure, results and conclusion) for Milgram's original experiment

Includes a GRAVE evaluation (generalisability, reliability, application, validity and ethics) for Milgram's 1963 study

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  • Milgram's 1963 Study
    • Aim
      • how far would people obey instructions which involved harm to another person
    • Procedure
      • student had to learn word pairs
      • experimenter wore a lab coat
      • volunteers
        • 40 males
        • aged between 20 and 50
      • when the student made a mistake, the voltage increased
      • prods
        • please continue
        • required to continue
        • absolutely essential continue
        • no other choice but to continue
    • Conclusion
      • ordinary people are more likely to obey orders given by an authorative figure
      • people tend to obey orders if the recognise the authority as morally or legally right
    • Results
      • 65% continued to the highest level of 450 volts
      • 35% continued to 300 volts
    • Evaluation
      • Generalisability
        • 780 people used in total which removes anomalies
        • ethnocentric as it only tested white Americans
        • variation 8 tested women and achieved the saem results - 65% - so the original sample is representative
      • Reliability
        • few independent variables were used so it is easier to replicate
        • it didn't follow standardised procedures as he was only strict about the prods in the original experiment
        • the variations got different results so the study isn't representative
      • Application
        • it mirrors Germany in WW2 as people were eased into committing worse acts
        • it proves Eichmann's mindset of 'only following orders'
        • the results don't prove the hypothesis of measuring evilness
      • Validity
        • participants showed genuine distress
        • variation 10 was in a realistic setting so people acted realistically
        • it lacks ecological validity as it was an artificial task
      • Ethics
        • participants were deceived as they were told it was a learning experiment
        • it wasn't made clear that they could withdraw as the prods forced them to carry on
        • scientific understanding of obedience is important so it justifies the fresearch
  • Procedure
    • student had to learn word pairs
    • experimenter wore a lab coat
    • volunteers
      • 40 males
      • aged between 20 and 50
    • when the student made a mistake, the voltage increased
    • prods
      • please continue
      • required to continue
      • absolutely essential continue
      • no other choice but to continue

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