Migration in an AC: United Kingdom
- Created by: Katariina
- Created on: 19-12-21 10:35
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- Migration in an AC: United Kingdom
- Social
- Challenges
- Education: pressure on school places, 60% of local authorities shortage of primary school places (by 2018)
- Serious housing supply issue
- Social cohesion: tension, political extremism and racism
- Opportunities
- Maintaining the NHS: 36% of GPs and 10% nurses foreign born
- Don't strain services: 0.1% NHS expenditure
- Multi-culturalism
- Maintaining the NHS: 36% of GPs and 10% nurses foreign born
- Challenges
- Economic
- Opportunities
- Net contribution of £25 billion to public finances (2001-11)
- EU migrants contributed £15 bn more in income tax than they claimed in benefits
- Increase labour supply (stimulates economy)
- 1% claim unemployment benefits (4% locals)
- Fill skills gap: 37% of migrants have a degree
- No 'lump labour fallacy'
- migrants create new jobs (17.2% set up business)
- Foreign students contribute £8 bn to economy a year
- Net contribution of £25 billion to public finances (2001-11)
- Challenges
- Net fiscal cost of £13 billion (Migration Watch, 2014/15)
- Remittances: £1.8 bn sent out of the UK (2015)
- Depresses the pay of 20% lowest paid UK workers
- Migrants unemployment rate 7.5% vs UK 7.9%
- 100 new non-EU migrants=loss of 23 UK jobs
- Net fiscal cost of £13 billion (Migration Watch, 2014/15)
- Opportunities
- Demographic
- Opportunities
- Net immigration reduces dependency ratios by 3.5% (migrants are young)
- Helps avoid a 'pensions time bomb' created by ageing population
- Immigration responsible for 54% of the UK's population growth (2005-15)
- Net immigration reduces dependency ratios by 3.5% (migrants are young)
- Challenges
- Crowding: migration demographically unsustainable. UK twice as crowded as Germany
- 53% population increase (1991-2014) directly due to migration
- TFR for UK women 1.76 children (2014). Migration contributes to population growth
- 100 new non-EU migrants=loss of 23 UK jobs
- Crowding: migration demographically unsustainable. UK twice as crowded as Germany
- Opportunities
- Background and current patterns of immigration/emigration
- Migration stats
- Net migration: 327,000 (2016) 190,000 non-EU, 180,000 EU
- Immigration: 633,000
- Emigration: 306,000
- Migration corridors/ flows
- 42% EU countries (60% economic migrants)
- Poland -> UK = 521,000
- 45% non-EU (55% to study)
- India -> UK = 657,000
- 42% EU countries (60% economic migrants)
- Migration stats
- Social
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