Methods of ethanol production
A mindmap containing information on the three methods used to produce ethanol
- Created by: Heran8
- Created on: 12-03-17 14:16
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- Methods of ethanol production
- Synthetic method
- Ethene is used as the feedstock which is gotten from the fractional distillation of crude oil
- Non-renewable feedstock
- Not carbon-neutral
- Doesn't require land to grow
- Moderately high temperature and pressure needed for the reaction
- Ethene reacted with steam over a catalyst of phosphoric acid
- Any unreacted gases can be recycled and passed through the system again
- Produces an ethanol and water mixture
- 4% water is the only waste
- 100% atom economy
- Purification process has high energy costs and uses a highly toxic chemical
- 4% water is the only waste
- Ethene is used as the feedstock which is gotten from the fractional distillation of crude oil
- Fermentation method
- Crop biomass such as sugar cane, maize and corn is used as feedstock
- Has potential to be carbon neutral due to photosynthesis of plants
- Considerable area of land needed to grow feedstock
- Beginning to use waste biomass
- Renewable
- Hydrolysis is done using acids or enzymes to produce sugars like glucose
- Sugar separation is done to separate the sugar from the acid
- Sugars are mixed with water and yeast and enzymes in the yeast ferment the sugar to produce carbon dioxide and ethanol
- Anaerobic reaction
- Temperature range between 25 and 37
- if the temperature is too low, the reaction will be too slow, but if too high, the enzymes will denature
- The amount of ethanol is limited to 15% as after that the concentration is too much and the enzymes die from alcohol poisoning, stopping the reaction
- Crop biomass such as sugar cane, maize and corn is used as feedstock
- Biotechnology method
- Uses waste biomass such as wood waste, corn stalks and rice hulls
- Renewable
- Recycling
- Potential to be carbon neutral due to photosynthesis of plants
- No land needed to grow
- Uses a genetically-modified bacteria called KO11
- Hydrolysis is done on the waste biomass to produce cellulose and xylose
- The cellulose and xylose are seperated
- Xylose is fermented by the KO11 to produce ethanol
- Hydrolysis is done again on the cellulose to produce glucose which is then fermented to produce ethanol
- The cellulose and xylose are seperated
- Uses waste biomass such as wood waste, corn stalks and rice hulls
- Synthetic method
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