Memory Revision

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  • Created by: Kristina_
  • Created on: 24-03-17 10:09
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  • Memory Revision
    • Working Memory Model - Baddeley and Hitch
      • Felt that STM was not just a unitary store, but a number of stores
        • Suggests that there is one store for visual processing and one for processing sounds.
      • Central Executive
        • Has overall control
        • Limited capacity
        • Coding - modality free
      • Phonological loop
        • Deals with auditory information
        • Phonological store - stores words heard for a brief period
        • Articulatory process - allows sub-vocal repetition of the items in the phonological store
      • Episodic Buffer
        • Temporary store for information that integrates visual, spatial and verbal information from other stores
        • Capacity of 4 chunks of information
        • Modality free coding
      • Visual-Spatial Sketchpad
        • Used for spatial tasks
        • Capacity of 3-4 items
        • Coded visually
    • Multi-Store Model - Shiffrin & Atkinson
      • 3 Stores of Memory: Sensory Register, STM and LTM
        • Short Term Memory
          • Miller - STM capacity of STM in 7 +/- 2 items
        • Sensory Register
          • Sensory register is made up of 2 stores: Iconic memory (stores visual information) and echoic memory (stores auditory information)
          • Short duration but large capacity
      • Rehearsal is the process that keeps information in the STM and tranfers it to LTM
      • Serial Position Effect
        • Glanzer & Cunitz –Tend to remember words from the beginning (primacy effect) and the end (recency effect) of a word list
      • Evaluation
        • Case of HM -Brain damaged by operation to remove hippocampus to reduce episodes of epilepsy STM remaied normal but could not form new LTMs
        • Case of KF - Brain damage led to difficulty dealing with verbal information in STM but normal ability to process visual information
        • Evidence of separate LTM stores - Semantic, episodic and procedural

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