Machu Picchu - UNIT 4 Case Studies
- Created by: npullum2010
- Created on: 19-05-17 20:43
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- Machu Picchu (unable to find the 'balance')
- Sources
- www.geographyfieldwork,com, Geofile January 2008 (Issue 158)
- Location/type of tourism
- Peru, South America, in the Andes Mountains / Mass Tourism
- More than 300,000 people a year make trek to Machu Picchu = media influence was crucial to it's popularisation
- + impacts of tourism
- Brings in outside dollars to support local communities
- Facilities that are built for tourists are supported/accepted by locals
- Generates $6m a year from just entrance fees
- + Positive Multipler Effect - brings in money - tourist money returned to local economy and spent over again - help attract TNCs to support industry
- Tourists don't intend to damage, just to tick off their bucket list (National Geographic News)
- - impacts of tourism
- May attract visitors whose lifestyles/ideas conflict with communities
- Overloading of people lead to health problems and 'honeypot sites'
- 1998 - 53,000 tourists walked the Inca trail = more erosion than ever
- 2010 - mudslides killed a tour guide and visitor, 475 visitors hd to be airlifted from area
- Management
- Protection of area is controlled and managed by the UN
- Programa Machu Picchu: conservation program funded through debt-swap with Finnish government to protect town of Aguas Calientes
- Strengthen the administration of the sanctuary, establish strategies for protecting the environment and development of town and introduced a daily limit of 2,5000 tourists
- Peru Treks and Adventure: tour operator that ploughs half of it's profits into local assistance
- Founder pointed out that the tourists must also play their part to conserve the area e.g. wear soft shoes and spread the word to their friends and families
- Head of Machu Picchu Management (umbrella agency trying to coordinate all organisations running through the site, advised numbers should be cut to 300 rather than 1,500 a day
- Management successfulness
- Successful
- The UN reduced amount of infrastructure construction, cut tourists by 800 and admission increased from $20 to $50
- Inca Trail - numbers of people on trail limited to 500 and all trek with registered company, ensuring that hikers keep to the trail conservation rules
- Aguas Clients receives now 10% of ticket receipts from Machu Picchu to improve infrastructure e.g. sewage and waste treatment
- Responsible Tourism, a international company, advertises their trail holidays are bound by a code where the porter must have adequate food, clothing, rest, life insurance and be over 18 years old
- Inca Trail - numbers of people on trail limited to 500 and all trek with registered company, ensuring that hikers keep to the trail conservation rules
- July 2007 - UNESCO acknowledged the efforts Peru had made in managing the site and removed them from the endangered list
- The UN reduced amount of infrastructure construction, cut tourists by 800 and admission increased from $20 to $50
- Unsuccessful
- 1999 UN expressed concerns that visual quality was already seriously affected
- The site fee is far above most local people's ability to pay to enter what is effectively a sacred site for them
- Complicated management system involving several government departments often with contrasting aims: Machu Picchu's Ministry of Agriculture is responsible for all of Peru's natural protected areas but only funds 1 director and 32 guards (the Peak District employs 300 people)
- Porters are exploited, whose pay was often the first thing to be cut by enterprises seeking to save money
- Plans to build a road from Cuzco and a cable car from Aguas Calientes have been put on hold since 2001
- Porters are exploited, whose pay was often the first thing to be cut by enterprises seeking to save money
- 1999 UN expressed concerns that visual quality was already seriously affected
- Successful
- Sources
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