Key Figures in Medicine through time

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  • Key Figures in Medicine through time
    • Renaissance
      • William Harvey
        • Discovered blood circulation
        • He didn't know everything about blood circulation
          • For example, he didn't know how the blood moved from the arteries to the veins
        • His ground work laid the pathway for future blood work
      • Andreas Vesalius
        • In order to have a breakthrough he dissected bodies, printed illustrations and had an attitu
        • His work was significant because people were able to learn about anatomy and dissect bodies
        • He impacted medical health because doctors who were being trained, could learn about anatomy and therefore be better to their patients
        • His work was limited because he was criticised by doctors for disagreeing with Galen
        • Vesalius made many discoveries
          • The jaw is made of one bone and not two
          • The breastbone is in three parts
          • The blood doesn't flow into the heart through invisible holes
    • Modern Day
      • Howard Florey
        • Ernest Chain
          • All researched and developed penicillin
            • Florey went to America and before long the British firms were producing penicillin at mass
            • Florey and Chain brought the idea to the government in 1938 and they were given £25 funding
            • Fleming originated the discovery in 1928
        • All researched and developed penicillin
          • Florey went to America and before long the British firms were producing penicillin at mass
          • Florey and Chain brought the idea to the government in 1938 and they were given £25 funding
          • Fleming originated the discovery in 1928
      • Ernest Chain
        • Alexander Fleming
        • Medieval
          • Galen
            • Performed dissections on pigs to find out more about the body
              • Through doing this he did discover some accurate facts but because of not being able to dissect humans, he was limited to his discoveries
            • Developed theory of 4 humours
          • Hippocrates
            • Came up with the theory of the 4 humours
            • He was the first person to believe that diseases were caused naturally
          • God
            • During the Medieval era, the vast majority of people believed that if they were to become ill, it was a punishment from God for sinning
              • People would perform prayer or public humiliation in order to ask for God's forgiveness
        • Industrial
          • Edward Jenner
            • In 1798, Edward Jenner discovered the vaccination for smallpox
              • He did this because he observed that people who contracted cowpox didn't contract smallpox
          • James Simpson
            • In 1847, James Simpson showed that chloroform could be used as an effective anaesthetic
              • Too much chloroform would kill, as found out by Simpson's fellow doctors
          • John Snow
            • In 1854, cholera killed over 250 people in Broad Street, London.
              • Snow mapped out the deaths and proved that it was the dirty water that caused cholera
          • Louis Pasteur
            • In 1861, Pasteur published his theory about germs caused human diseases
              • He did this through different experiments
          • Joseph Lister
            • In 1867, Lister experimented with carbolic acid spray, which greatly reduced the rates of infection
              • This discovery allowed for more complex operations to be done
          • Robert Koch
            • In 1882, Koch identified that different bacteria caused different diseases
              • His work led to more vaccinations being discovered
          • Florence Nightingale
            • During the 1850's and onwards, Nightingale improved hygiene for soldiers in the Crimean war, as a result of following Pasteur's work
              • She also worked to get training for nurses and conditions of hospitals improved.

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