Sociology- Internal Factors on Achievement levels

?
View mindmap
  • Internal Factors on achievement
    • Labelling
      • "Attaching a meaning to someone"
      • Within Primary Schools
        • Rist (1970) teachers labelled pupils using knowledge of background & appearance
          • Those labelled fast learning = middle class- neat and clean
      • Within Secondary Schools
        • Dunne and Gazeley (2008) produce WC underachieve-ment due to labels
          • Underachieve-ment is normalised in working class pupils
        • Becker (1971) teachers judged with how close they match to 'ideal pupil'
    • Self-fulfilling prophecy
      • Teacher's expectations
        • Rosenthal & Jacobson (1968)
          • Children improved if they were 'spurters'
          • Interactionist study (what people believe will have real effects)
      • 1. Teacher forms expectation. 2. Teacher treats pupil accordingly. 3.Pupil internalises & believes they are exactly what the teacher expected.
    • Pupil subcultures
      • Differentiation- teachers categorising pupils
        • Polarisation- pupils respond to streaming by moving towards one of two opposite poles
      • Pro-school
        • Pupils in high streams = middle class
          • Gain status through academic success
      • Anti-school
        • Gaining status amongst peers
        • Lacey- being in an anti school subculture creates self-fulfilling prophecy
        • Low streams mostly working class = low self esteem
    • Pupil's class identities and the school
      • 'Nike' identities
        • Finding self-worth, status & value by investing in branded clothing
          • Archer et al. Nike identities causes a sense of WC marginalisation- pushed to the margin of society.
      • Symbolic Capital & Violence
        • Working class as inferior, this reproduces class structures
        • Working class pupils felt they had to change characteristics in order to succeed
          • Withholding symbolic capital
      • Habitus
        • Dispositions of thinking, acting and being in a social class
          • Middle class habitus favoured by school as it is superior and matches the 'ideal pupil'
    • Streaming/ setting
      • A to C economy
        • Gilborn and Youdell (2001) stereotype notions of ability to stream
          • Denies working class pupils knowledge and opportunity
        • Focusing time and effort on those likely to receive 5 A*-C
      • Separating children into different ability groups
        • Self- fulfilling prophecy likely to occur when streaming
      • Educational triage
        • 1. Those who pass.            2. Borderline C/D students   3. Hopeless cases
          • Working class = hopeless cases

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Sociology resources:

See all Sociology resources »See all Education resources »