1-Global Warming
- Created by: noname
- Created on: 25-07-14 15:58
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- Global Warming - key factors
- Consequences
- Droughts, famine, change of ecosystems and rises in sea levels
- Anthropogenic
- Main producer
- Carbon dioxide
- Absorbs infrared
- Infrared radiation
- Greenhouse gases
- Carbon dioxide
- Absorbs infrared
- Infrared radiation
- Greenhouse gases
- Water Vapour
- 0.3% within the atmosphere, increasing molecular rotation will allow for absorption of infrared radiation
- Precipitation
- Water reservoirs
- Residency time; time molecules held in a particular reservoir
- Transportation; water and nutrients
- Water reservoirs
- 0.3% within the atmosphere, increasing molecular rotation will allow for absorption of infrared radiation
- Water Vapour
- Greenhouse gases
- Infrared radiation
- Absorbs infrared
- Water Vapour
- 0.3% within the atmosphere, increasing molecular rotation will allow for absorption of infrared radiation
- Precipitation
- Water reservoirs
- Residency time; time molecules held in a particular reservoir
- Transportation; water and nutrients
- Water reservoirs
- 0.3% within the atmosphere, increasing molecular rotation will allow for absorption of infrared radiation
- Carbon dioxide
- Greenhouse gases
- Infrared radiation
- Absorbs infrared
- Carbon dioxide
- Fossil fuel burning
- Main producer
- Evidence of climate change
- Fossils
- types of fossil that usually belong to one ecosystem but found in another
- Core samples
- Pollen types and depth
- Fossils
- Solar radiation
- 3.85 x 10power26 Watts
- Solar illuminosity
- Solar radiation
- 3.85 x 10power26 Watts
- Solar illuminosity
- Solar illuminosity
- Solar constant - measurement of solar mean average
- Dependent on - types of solar surface and the distance from the sun
- Surface radiation
- Stevenson screen
- Ventilated closed box, 1 metre above ground
- Levels of uncertainty
- Experimental
- Small amount of uncertainty produces a higher precision
- Systematic
- Manufacturers measures not inline with standard measurements
- Random
- Scattered results around the mean value
- +- 0.5 standard uncertainty
- Experimental
- Mean surface temperature = total of measurements / total number of measurements taken
- Annual MST = sum all temperatures in a year / number of readings
- Global MST = sum of all MST internationally / number of international locations
- Dependent on surface energy gain / energy loss
- the balance is known as steady state
- Energy loss from the surface increases the GMST
- Dependent on surface energy gain / energy loss
- Surface tempurature
- Dependent on surface energy gain / energy loss
- the balance is known as steady state
- Energy loss from the surface increases the GMST
- Dependent on surface energy gain / energy loss
- Reflection
- 9%
- Atmosphere
- Ice and snow
- Absorption
- 49%
- 20%
- Atmosphere
- Scattering
- 22%
- Albedo
- 9%
- Space
- Albedo
- Redirect solar radiation
- Aerosols, clouds
- Indirectly earths surface
- 22%
- Ultimately converted to heat
- Convection
- Transfer of higher heat to a place with lower heat
- Thermal expansion
- Increases volume
- A cause for sea level rise
- Evaperation
- Production of water vapour
- Sublimination; the change of physical states, gases, liquids and solids
- Changing states requires energy - Latent heat
- Production of water vapour
- Convection
- Greatest loss of energy
- Stevenson screen
- Total solar radiation = solar constant x area of disc
- Surface radiation
- Stevenson screen
- Ventilated closed box, 1 metre above ground
- Levels of uncertainty
- Experimental
- Small amount of uncertainty produces a higher precision
- Systematic
- Manufacturers measures not inline with standard measurements
- Random
- Scattered results around the mean value
- +- 0.5 standard uncertainty
- Experimental
- Mean surface temperature = total of measurements / total number of measurements taken
- Annual MST = sum all temperatures in a year / number of readings
- Global MST = sum of all MST internationally / number of international locations
- Surface tempurature
- Reflection
- Ice and snow
- Absorption
- 49%
- 20%
- Scattering
- 22%
- Albedo
- Space
- Albedo
- Redirect solar radiation
- Aerosols, clouds
- Indirectly earths surface
- 22%
- Ultimately converted to heat
- Convection
- Transfer of higher heat to a place with lower heat
- Thermal expansion
- Increases volume
- A cause for sea level rise
- Evaperation
- Production of water vapour
- Sublimination; the change of physical states, gases, liquids and solids
- Changing states requires energy - Latent heat
- Production of water vapour
- Convection
- Greatest loss of energy
- Stevenson screen
- 3.85 x 10power26 Watts
- Solar radiation
- Solar illuminosity
- Solar constant - measurement of solar mean average
- Dependent on - types of solar surface and the distance from the sun
- Total solar radiation = solar constant x area of disc
- 3.85 x 10power26 Watts
- Consequences
- Feedback
- Positive, encourages a chain reaction
- Negative, tries to keep the balance
- Global Warming - key factors
- Consequences
- Droughts, famine, change of ecosystems and rises in sea levels
- Anthropogenic
- Main producer
- Fossil fuel burning
- Main producer
- Evidence of climate change
- Fossils
- types of fossil that usually belong to one ecosystem but found in another
- Core samples
- Pollen types and depth
- Fossils
- Consequences
- Saturation
- Increasing temperatures = more water held
- Rate of evaporation depends on saturation levels
- Increasing temperatures = more water held
- Carbon reservoirs
- Transportation
- Coal formation
- Plant material preserved in water saturated soil away from oxygen
- Buried
- Plant material preserved in water saturated soil away from oxygen
- Transportation
- Photosynthesis
- Solar energy
- Stores energy for plant consumption
- Oxygen
- Respiration
- Animals
- Respiration
- Plants
- Biomass, all living things
- Animals
- Biomass, all living things
- Solar energy
- Organic Carbon, CO2 mass levels 50%
- Biomass, all living things
- Biomass, all living things
- Plants
- Wind, 36
- Atmosphere, 4
- Precipitation, 107
- Precipitation, 107
- Atmosphere, 4
- Rivers and underground, 36
- Land, 58000
- Evaporation, 71
- Atmosphere, 4
- Precipitation, 107
- Precipitation, 107
- Atmosphere, 4
- Evaporation, 71
- Land, 58000
- Land, 58000
- Evaporation, 71
- Evaporation, 71
- Ocean, 1400000
- Rivers and underground, 36
- Precipitation, 398
- Atmosphere, 11
- Wind, 36
- Evaporation, 434
- Wind, 36
- Atmosphere, 11
- Surface ocean
- 100-200m
- Wave action
- Solar radiation
- Mixing
- Wave action
- Exchange, heat, oxygen, carbon dioxide
- Mixing
- Phytoplankton
- Particulate carbon
- More CO2 drawn in from atmosphere
- Atmosphere, 11
- Evaporation, 434
- Evaporation, 434
- Ocean, 1400000
- Precipitation, 398
- Surface ocean
- 100-200m
- Solar radiation
- Mixing
- Exchange, heat, oxygen, carbon dioxide
- Mixing
- Solar radiation
- Phytoplankton
- Particulate carbon
- More CO2 drawn in from atmosphere
- More CO2 drawn in from atmosphere
- Particulate carbon
- Sinking
- Biological pump
- Uplifting
- Deep ocean
- 1Km
- 1Km
- Deep ocean
- Uplifting
- Biological pump
- Defecated carbon
- Sediment
- Dissolved Carbon
- Overlaying deposits
- Lithication
- Sedimentary rock
- Lithication
- Sediment
- 100-200m
- Deep ocean
- 1Km
- 1Km
- Degassing
- Lower temperature, holds more dissolved carbon
- Precipitation, 398
- Atmosphere, 11
- More CO2 drawn in from atmosphere
- Particulate carbon
- Sinking
- Biological pump
- Uplifting
- Uplifting
- Biological pump
- Defecated carbon
- Sediment
- Dissolved Carbon
- Overlaying deposits
- Lithication
- Sedimentary rock
- Lithication
- Sediment
- 100-200m
- Degassing
- Lower temperature, holds more dissolved carbon
- Rivers and underground, 36
- X 10power15 Kg ypower-1
- Respiration
- Lithification
- Buried
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