Emotional Development - Other theories
- Created by: Grace.2006
- Created on: 05-02-23 17:37
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- Emotional Development - Other theories
- Schaffer and Emerson
- Suggests that babies are most likely to form attachments to caregivers who respond effectively to their signals
- Not based on how much time they spend with the caregiver
- Developed a theory called sensitive responsiveness
- Believes that the most important part of forming attachments is the adult who plays and communicates with them
- Up to 3 months
- Most babies respond the same to any caregiver
- 3 - 7 months
- Can distinguish the differences between their main caregiver and other people
- Will accept care from other people
- 7 - 9 months
- Begins to look to particular people for security, comfort and protection
- Begins to show fear of strangers
- Is unhappy when separated from their main caregiver
- Stranger fear and anxiety may begin to develop but some infants are more likely to develop it than others
- 9 months +
- Starts to become more independent
- Begins forming several attachments
- Referred to as 'multiple attachments'
- Suggests that babies are most likely to form attachments to caregivers who respond effectively to their signals
- Robertson's study of distress
- Based on several years of observation in long and short hospital stays
- Developed the theory of response of the under 3's to stay in a hospital without the mother/ caregiver
- Identified that under 3's go through 3 stages of separation anxiety
- Stages
- Protest
- The child expects their primary caregiver to respond to his cries
- When they don't come the child is heartbroken
- Becomes visibly upset and searches for them
- When they don't come the child is heartbroken
- The child expects their primary caregiver to respond to his cries
- Despair
- When the care giver remains absent the child gives up hope
- Becomes withdrawn and 'settled in'
- When the care giver remains absent the child gives up hope
- Denial/ detachment
- The child shows more interest in his surroundings and seems happy
- If the caregiver is to visit the child seems to hardly know them and no longer cries when they leave
- The child shows more interest in his surroundings and seems happy
- Protest
- Schaffer and Emerson
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