Bowlby
- Created by: Grace.2006
- Created on: 13-01-23 14:55
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- Bowlbey's Theory of Attachment
- Attachment = Emotional bond that connects the child to their primary care giver
- Bowlby worked with emotionally disturbed children
- He linked the importance of social, emotional, and cognitive development to the relationship with their mother
- Bowlby believed
- That infants were biologically programmed to form positive attachments
- Infants cry and smile (releasers) to increase their chance of receiving care
- Babies have an attachment gene
- When infants are stressed they seek close proximity to their primary care giver
- Separation anxiety can be caused by separation at an early care from their primary care giver
- Primary care givers give the infant the feeling of safety
- Theory
- Maternal depravation in the child's early life caused permanent emotional damage
- He diagnosed a condition called Affectionless Psychopathy
- Involves a lack of emotinal development
- Characterised by a lack of concern for others
- Lack of guilt
- Inability to form meaningful and lasting relationships
- Criticisms of his theory
- Rutter
- Bowlby did not distinguish between maternal deprivation and privation
- Suggests that the quality of the attachment is the most important aspect
- Suggests that privation is more damaging
- Behaviour is learnt and influenced by external factors
- Environment
- Culture
- Baby's temperament
- Critics state that attachment is not a biological process
- Nature vs Nurture
- Schafer and Emerson
- Suggests that individuals respond effectively to signals rather than who they spend the most time with
- Rutter
- Ainsworth and Bowlby
- Attachment bonds are made in the first two years of life
- The first bond could influence later ability to form relationships
- Ainsworth developed Bowlby's work
- Created the Strange Situation experiment where she observed children
- Strange Situation
- Where a parent briefly leaves the infant playing while a stranger is present
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