Developments in Central Administration

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  • Created by: Lizz2002
  • Created on: 15-10-20 07:32
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  • Developments in Central Administration
    • Continuity
      • Under the Tsars:
        • Council of Ministers was the main law-making and admin body. It was also the link between the government and the Tsars
        • Imperial Council of State advised the Tsar on legal and financial matters
        • A committee of ministers (advisory body)
        • The Senate was the supreme court and final court of appeal for major legal matters
      • Under the Communists:
        • All-Russian Congress of Soviets and Central Executive Committee (CEC) was the main law-making and admin body
          • CEC was divided into the Politburo, the Orgburo, and the Ogburo
        • The Council of Peoples' Commissars (Sovnarkom) were made up of the government ministers
          • For example, Stalin was initially the minister of national minorities
          • In theory, the Sovnarkom was only answerable to the CEC
    • Change
      • Nicolas II
        • October Manifesto 1905
          • This was the response to the 1905 revolution, and it promised an elected assembly
          • It lead to the abandonnment of the Committee of Ministers , and its duties were divided into two chambers
            • The State Council (previously the Imperial Council of State) which was the unelected upper chamber
            • The Duma was the elected lower chamber
        • The Fundamental Laws of 1906
          • Nicolas didn't trust the Duma to always support his policies
          • These new laws would make the Duma completely accountable to the Tsar.
          • What was originally a major concession, turned into autocratic power in disguise
      • Stalin
        • 1936 Constitution created new representative bodies for the people
          • the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the main law-making body
          • the Soviet of the Union had representatives from the whole of the USSR
          • the Soviet of Nationalities had representatives from different regional groups
        • Article 126
          • These new bodies didn't change the fact that, as stated in this article, the Communist Party remained in complete control

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