A2 Conscience Mindmap
- Created by: Billie
- Created on: 28-02-13 15:51
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- CONSCIENCE
- Biblical Teaching
- Assumed by biblical writers and early Christian teachers that our conscience is God-given
- Paul: "They show that what the law require is written on their hearts" (Romans)
- Traditional teaching - everyone knows right from wrong
- God has given us this ability
- Follow conscience = follow divine law
- Aquinas
- Natural ability of people to know right/wrong
- (All) aim for good, avoid evil
- Synderesis
- 'Right' reason by which a person acquires knowledge of basic moral principles
- (All) aim for good, avoid evil
- 'Right' reason by which a person acquires knowledge of basic moral principles
- Conscienta
- The actual ethical judgement or decision
- '... was the mind of man making moral judgements'
- Principles wrong = conscience wrong
- Conscience = reasoning used correctly to find out what God sees is good
- Not just a voice inside us
- Some Christians - 'rationalistic' - doesn't consider revelation that comes directly from God
- Butler
- Distinguishes men and women from animals
- Possession of the faculty of reflection or conscience
- "There is a principle of reflection in men by which they distinguish between approval and disapproval of their own actions"
- Determine and judge right/wrong
- Powerful position within human decision making
- 'magisterially exerts itself' spontaneously 'without being consulted'
- Authoritative & automatic
- Final say in moral decision making
- Governed and ordered such aspects and was the final moral authority
- "Had it strength, as it has right; had it power as it has manifest authority, it would absolutely govern the world"
- "Had it strength, as it has right; had it power as it has manifest authority, it would absolutely govern the world"
- Governed and ordered such aspects and was the final moral authority
- Hierarchy
- Conscience (supreme authority)
- 'Principle of reflection' (approve/ disapprove our actions; God-given)
- Self-love and benevolence
- Basic drives
- Self-love and benevolence
- 'Principle of reflection' (approve/ disapprove our actions; God-given)
- Conscience (supreme authority)
- Conscience = God-given guide to right conduct... always be followed
- Wicked to blind one's conscience
- Corruption of conscience by self-deception is worse than the evil act that results from it
- Distinguishes men and women from animals
- Newman
- Intuitionist
- Follows conscience = follows divine law
- 'Messenger' of God
- Feel this intuitive moral knowledge and make decisions...
- ... God speaking to us
- Feel this intuitive moral knowledge and make decisions...
- More than simply 'a law of the mind'
- Doesn't invent truth
- Detects truth
- Augustine
- Agreed
- God speaking to us
- Urged Christians to consider their conscience seriously
- "Turn inward, brethren, and in everything you do, see God as your witness"
- Freud
- No such thing as a soul
- View of the mind essentially mechanistic
- Human personality
- The id
- Unconscious self
- Contains basic drives and repressed memories
- Amoral
- The ego
- Conscious self
- Part seen by outside world
- The super-ego
- Set of moral codes given to us by outside influences
- Moral code/ conscience
- The id
- Connected with sense of guilt when we go against our conscience
- Conscience is a construct of the mind
- Religious people
- In response to perceptions of God
- Non-religious people
- In response to externally imposed authority
- Religious people
- No absolute moral law
- Experiences
- Culturally relative
- Explains variations in moral codes in different societies
- Piaget
- Heteronomous morality
- Approx 5-10 yrs old
- Conscience still immature
- Rules not to be broken
- Punishment to be expected
- Consequences determine right/ wrong
- Punishment to be expected
- Rules not to be broken
- Autonomous morality
- Approx 10+ yrs old
- Develop own rules
- Understand how rules operate and help society
- Child less dependent on others for morality
- Kohlberg
- Behaving in socially acceptable ways because of authority figures
- Keeping the law
- Caring for others
- Respect for universal principles and demands of an individual conscience
- (Most adults never get beyond this point)
- Caring for others
- Keeping the law
- Behaving in socially acceptable ways because of authority figures
- Heteronomous morality
- Fromm
- Authoritarian Conscience
- Influenced by external authorities
- Apply rules and punishments
- Feel guilty when break rules
- Displease authority eg God, Nazi
- Feel guilty when break rules
- Apply rules and punishments
- Influenced by external authorities
- Humanistic Conscience
- Assesses and evaluates our behaviour
- Judge how successful we are as people
- Use own discoveries, teachings and examples of others to give us personal integrity and moral honesty
- Better view
- Untitled
- Better view
- Use own discoveries, teachings and examples of others to give us personal integrity and moral honesty
- Judge how successful we are as people
- Assesses and evaluates our behaviour
- Authoritarian Conscience
- Biblical Teaching
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